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200 papers

Philosophers of science have long postulated how collective scientific knowledge grows. Empirical validation has been challenging due to limitations in collecting and systematizing large historical records. Here, we capitalize on the…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Harang Ju , Dale Zhou , Ann S. Blevins , David M. Lydon-Staley , Judith Kaplan , Julio R. Tuma , Danielle S. Bassett

Experiments in cognitive science and decision theory show that the ways in which people combine concepts and make decisions cannot be described by classical logic and probability theory. This has serious implications for applied disciplines…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-08 Diederik Aerts , Liane Gabora , Sandro Sozzo , Tomas Veloz

In the area of the foundations of quantum mechanics a true industry appears to have developed in the last decades, with the aim of proving as many results as possible concerning what there cannot be in the quantum realm. In principle, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-23 Federico Laudisa

Network neuroscience represents the brain as a collection of regions and inter-regional connections. Given its ability to formalize systems-level models, network neuroscience has generated unique explanations of neural function and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-11-13 Maxwell A. Bertolero , Danielle S. Bassett

Quantum physics and biology have long been regarded as unrelated disciplines, describing nature at the inanimate microlevel on the one hand and living species on the other hand. Over the last decades the life sciences have succeeded in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-20 Markus Arndt , Thomas Juffmann , Vlatko Vedral

It would seem that the present dry economic times impose a very precise focus for science in general and physics in particular: research, possibly of applied type. However in doing so two basic pillars of a healthy future for science are…

Popular Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Umberto Cannella

Decision-makers abhor uncertainty, and it is certainly true that the less there is of it the better. However, recognizing that uncertainty is part of the equation, particularly for deciding on environmental policy, is a prerequisite for…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-28 Noel Cressie

Critically growing problems of fundamental science organisation and content are analysed with examples from physics and emerging interdisciplinary fields. Their origin is specified and new science structure (organisation and content) is…

General Physics · Physics 2008-06-01 Andrei P. Kirilyuk

Astrobiology is a scientific discipline that studies life in the Universe. We call it a discipline and not a science because some authors have cast doubts over its epistemological status by calling it 'a science without an object of study'.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-21 Juan Campos Quemada

The Weltanschauung emerging from quantum theory clashes profoundly with our classical concepts. Quantum characteristics like superposition, entanglement, wave-particle duality, nonlocality, contextuality are difficult to reconcile with our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Radu Ionicioiu

If a concept is not well defined, there are grounds for its abuse. This is particularly true of complexity, an inherently interdisciplinary concept that has penetrated very different fields of intellectual activity from physics to…

General Physics · Physics 2010-07-01 Tamás Vicsek

In this paper we approach the problem of superdeterminism from a novel point of view, highlighting its character as a more metaphysical than scientific proposition. First, we introduce a distinction between two types of superdeterministic…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Gabriele Cafiero , Luca Molinari , Jonte R. Hance

One of the main activities in science teaching, and in particular in Physics teaching, is not only the discussion of both modern problems and problems which solution is an urgent matter. It means that the picture of an active and alive…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 V. Pleitez

This article addresses broad trends in interdisciplinary research in physics where interactions with colleagues in fields such as computer science, ecology, or economics can often be derailed by unintentional clashes of methodologies and…

General Physics · Physics 2011-09-27 Reginald D. Smith

A key assumption fuelling optimism about the progress of large language models (LLMs) in accurately and comprehensively modelling the world is that the truth is systematic: true statements about the world form a whole that is not just…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Matthieu Queloz

The ancient mind/body problem continues to be one of deepest mysteries of science and of the human spirit. Despite major advances in many fields, there is still no plausible link between subjective experience (qualia) and its realization in…

General Literature · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Jerome Feldman

We discuss an apparent information paradox that arises in a materialist's description of the Universe if we assume that the Universe is 100% quantum. We discuss possible ways out of the paradox, including that Laws of Nature are not purely…

Popular Physics · Physics 2017-02-01 Zura Kakushadze

The twentieth century saw two fundamental revolutions in physics -- relativity and quantum. Daily use of these theories can numb the sense of wonder at their immense empirical success. Does their instrumental effectiveness stand on the rock…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-05 G. A. D. Briggs , J. N. Butterfield , A. Zeilinger

Unlike classical information, quantum knowledge is restricted to the outcome of measurements of maximal observables corresponding to single contexts.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-19 Karl Svozil

Underlying any theory of physics is a layer of conceptual frames. They connect the mathematical structures used in theoretical models with physical phenomena, but they also constitute our fundamental assumptions about reality. Many of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-01 Thomas Filk , Albrecht von Mueller