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Combining cross-section and time series data is a long and well established practice in empirical economics. We develop a central limit theory that explicitly accounts for possible dependence between the two data sets. We focus on common…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-20 Jinyong Hahn , Guido Kuersteiner , Maurizio Mazzocco

Particle filters (PFs) form a class of Monte Carlo algorithms that propagate over time a set of $N\geq 1$ particles which can be used to estimate, in an online fashion, the sequence of filtering distributions $(\hat{\eta}_t)_{t\geq 1}$…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Mathieu Gerber

We consider situations where the applicability of sequential Monte Carlo particle filters is compromised due to the expensive evaluation of the particle weights. To alleviate this problem, we propose a new particle filter algorithm based on…

Computation · Statistics 2022-01-24 Kari Heine , Daniel Burrows

Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods, also known as particle filters, constitute a class of algorithms used to approximate expectations with respect to a sequence of probability distributions as well as the normalising constants of those…

Computation · Statistics 2026-01-14 Axel Finke , Arnaud Doucet , Adam M. Johansen

We study a distributed particle filter proposed by Boli\'c et al.~(2005). This algorithm involves $m$ groups of $M$ particles, with interaction between groups occurring through a "local exchange" mechanism. We establish a central limit…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-05-20 Kari Heine , Nick Whiteley

This paper proposes DiffPF, a differentiable particle filter that leverages diffusion models for state estimation in dynamic systems. Unlike conventional differentiable particle filters, which require importance weighting and typically rely…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ziyu Wan , Lin Zhao

We develop a central limit theorem (CLT) for a non-parametric estimator of the transition matrices in controlled Markov chains (CMCs) with finite state-action spaces. Our results establish precise conditions on the logging policy under…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-26 Ziwei Su , Imon Banerjee , Diego Klabjan

The particle filter (PF), also known as sequential Monte Carlo (SMC), approximates high-dimensional probability distributions and their normalizing constants in the discrete-time setting. To reduce the variance of the Monte Carlo…

Computation · Statistics 2026-05-05 Jianfeng Lu , Yuliang Wang

The stratified resampling mechanism is one of the resampling schemes commonly used in the resampling steps of particle filters. In the present paper, we prove a central limit theorem for this mechanism under the assumption that the initial…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-08-07 Roberta Flenghi , Benjamin Jourdain

Conditional particle filters (CPFs) are powerful smoothing algorithms for general nonlinear/non-Gaussian hidden Markov models. However, CPFs can be inefficient or difficult to apply with diffuse initial distributions, which are common in…

Computation · Statistics 2020-11-23 Santeri Karppinen , Matti Vihola

In this paper we introduce a novel particle filter scheme for a class of partially-observed multivariate diffusions. %continuous-time dynamic models where the %signal is given by a multivariate diffusion process. We consider a variety of…

Methodology · Statistics 2007-10-24 Paul Fearnhead , Omiros Papaspiliopoulos , Gareth Roberts

This paper is concerned with the convergence and the error analysis for the feedback particle filter (FPF) algorithm. The FPF is a controlled interacting particle system where the control law is designed to solve the nonlinear filtering…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-10-31 Amirhossein Taghvaei , Prashant G. Mehta

The Central Limit Theorem (CLT) is one of the most fundamental results in statistics. It states that the standardized sample mean of a sequence of $n$ mutually independent and identically distributed random variables with finite first and…

Particle filtering is a Bayesian inference method and a fundamental tool in state estimation for dynamic systems, but its effectiveness is often limited by the constraints of the initial prior distribution, a phenomenon we define as the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-31 Yiwei Shi , Jingyu Hu , Yu Zhang , Mengyue Yang , Weinan Zhang , Cunjia Liu , Weiru Liu

In this paper, we introduce the $\sigma$-antithetic multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) estimator for a multi-dimensional diffusion which is an extended version of the original antithetic MLMC one introduced by Giles and Szpruch \cite{a}. Our aim…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-26 Mohamed Ben Alaya , Ahmed Kebaier , Thi Bao Tram Ngo

We prove a law of large numbers and a central limit theorem for a tagged particle in a symmetric simple exclusion process in the one-dimensional lattice with variable diffusion coefficient. The scaling limits are obtained from a similar…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-04-24 Milton Jara , Patricia Goncalves

Statistical inferences for sample correlation matrices are important in high dimensional data analysis. Motivated by this, this paper establishes a new central limit theorem (CLT) for a linear spectral statistic (LSS) of high dimensional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-04 Jiti Gao , Xiao Han , Guangming Pan , Yanrong Yang

The conditional backward sampling particle filter (CBPF) is a powerful Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler for general state space hidden Markov model (HMM) smoothing. It was proposed as an improvement over the conditional particle filter…

Computation · Statistics 2025-11-07 Joona Karjalainen , Anthony Lee , Sumeetpal S. Singh , Matti Vihola

Multi-target tracking is an important problem in civilian and military applications. This paper investigates multi-target tracking in distributed sensor networks. Data association, which arises particularly in multi-object scenarios, can be…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Mark R. Leonard , Abdelhak M. Zoubir

We prove two theorems related to the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) for Martin-L\"of Random (MLR) sequences. Martin-L\"of randomness attempts to capture what it means for a sequence of bits to be "truly random". By contrast, CLTs do not make…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-01-31 Anton Vuerinckx , Yves Moreau