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The gas-kinetic scheme(GKS) is a promising computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method for solving the Navier-Stokes equations. It is based on the analytical solution of the BGK equation, which enables accurate and robust simulations. While…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-08-12 Yue Zhang , Xing Ji , Kun Xu

Modeling transition-continuum hypersonic flows poses significant challenges due to thermodynamic nonequilibrium and the associated breakdown of the continuum assumption. Standard continuum models such as the Navier-Stokes equations are…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-06-18 Mikolaj Kryger , Jonathan F. MacArt

In this paper, a semi-Lagrangian gas-kinetic scheme is developed for smooth flows based on the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) equation. As a finite-volume scheme, the evolution of the average flow variables in a control volume is under the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2014-12-10 Peng Wang , Zhaoli Guo

High temperature gases, for instance in hypersonic reentry flows, show complex phenomena like excitation of rotational and vibrational energy modes, and even chemical reactions. For flows in the continuous regime, simulation codes use…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-03-17 Céline Baranger , Yann Dauvois , Gentien Marois , Jordane Mathé , Julien Mathiaud , Luc Mieussens

The viscous shock tube is a canonical test case for assessing Navier-Stokes (NS) solvers in the continuum-flow regime, widely used to validate numerical accuracy and probe flow physics. It features a rich set of interacting structures-shock…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-28 Yue Zhang , Kun Xu

This paper extends the gas-kinetic scheme for one-dimensional inviscid shallow water equations (J. Comput. Phys. 178 (2002), pp. 533-562) to multidimensional gas dynamic equations under gravitational fields. Four important issues in the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2008-01-24 C. L. Tian , K. Xu , K. L. Chan , L. C. Deng

In recent years, coupled with traditional turbulence models, the second-order gas-kinetic scheme (GKS) has been used in the turbulent flow simulations. At the same time, high-order GKS has been developed, such as the two-stage fourth-order…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-04-04 Guiyu Cao , Hongmin Su , Jinxiu Xu , Kun Xu

Hypersonic flow around a vehicle in near space flight is associated with multiscale non-equilibrium physics at a large variation of local Knudsen number from the leading edge highly compressible flow to the trailing edge particle free…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-11-28 Yufeng Wei , Yajun Zhu , Kun Xu

Simulating multiscale flows with moving boundaries, such as hypersonic multi-body separation and flows in micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), requires robust numerical methods that couple mesh deformation with complex flow physics.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-14 Yue Zhang , Wenpei Long , Junzhe Cao , Kun Xu

We report on simulations of two-phase flows with deforming interfaces at various density contrasts by solving thermodynamically consistent Cahn-Hilliard Navier-Stokes equations. An (essentially) unconditionally energy-stable…

The flow regime of micro flow varies from collisionless regime to hydrodynamic regime according to the Knudsen number. On the kinetic scale, the dynamics of micro flow can be described by the linearized kinetic equation. In the continuum…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 Chang Liu , Kun Xu

This paper presents second-order accurate genuine BGK (Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook) schemes in the framework of finite volume method for the ultra-relativistic flows. Different from the existing kinetic flux-vector splitting (KFVS) or BGK-type…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-09-13 Yaping Chen , Yangyu Kuang , Huazhong Tang

In this work, we extend the discrete unified gas-kinetic scheme (DUGKS) [Guo et al., Phys. Rev. E 88, 033305 (2013)] to continue two-phase flows. In the framework of DUGKS, two kinetic model equations are used to solve the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-10-02 Chunhua Zhang , Kang Yang , Zhaoli Guo

The multidimensional gas-kinetic scheme for the Navier-Stokes equations under gravitational fields [J. Comput. Phys. 226 (2007) 2003-2027] is extended to resistive magnetic flows. The non-magnetic part of the magnetohydrodynamics equations…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-19 Chun-Lin Tian

We present a novel combination of numerical techniques to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and robustness of multi-component compressible flow simulations. At the core of our approach is an Entropy-Stable formulation that preserves kinetic…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Vahid Badrkhani , T. Jeremy P. Karpowsk , Christian Hasse

Simulating hypersonic flow around a space vehicle is challenging because of the multiscale and nonequilibrium nature inherent in these flows. To effectively deal with such flows, a novel particle particle hybrid scheme combining the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-10-19 Fei Fei , Yuan Hu , Patrick Jenny

The gas-kinetic scheme (GKS) provides high computational efficiency and accuracy for continuum flow simulations but is unable to reliably capture rarefaction effects. In contrast, although the discrete velocity method (DVM) is better suited…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-08 Hangkong Wu , Yuze Zhu , Yajun Zhu , Kun Xu

Recently, the discrete unified gas-kinetic scheme (DUGKS) [Z. L. Guo \emph{et al}., Phys. Rev. E ${\bf 88}$, 033305 (2013)] based on the Boltzmann equation is developed as a new multiscale kinetic method for isothermal flows. In this paper,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2014-12-10 Peng Wang , Shi Tao , Zhaoli Guo

We discuss the applicability of a unified hyperbolic model for continuum fluid and solid mechanics to modeling non-Newtonian flows and in particular to modeling the stress-driven solid-fluid transformations in flows of viscoplastic fluids,…

The trade-off among accuracy, robustness, and computational cost remains a key challenge in simulating complex flows. Second-order schemes are computationally efficient but lack the accuracy required for resolving intricate flow structures,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Yaqing Yang , Fengxiang Zhao , Kun Xu