Related papers: The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra in ACL2
Proofs of the fundamental theorem of algebra can be divided up into three groups according to the techniques involved: proofs that rely on real or complex analysis, algebraic proofs, and topological proofs. Algebraic proofs make use of the…
We formalize some basic properties of Fourier series in the logic of ACL2(r), which is a variant of ACL2 that supports reasoning about the real and complex numbers by way of non-standard analysis. More specifically, we extend a framework…
This paper presents an alternative proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra that has several distinct advantages. The proof is based on simple ideas involving continuity and differentiation. Visual software demonstrations can be used to…
Given any polynomial with real coefficients, the existence of a real quadratic polynomial factor is proven using only basic real analysis. The aim is to provide an approachable proof to anybody who is familiar with the least upper bound…
Many proofs of the fundamental theorem of algebra rely on the fact that the minimum of the modulus of a complex polynomial over the complex plane is attained at some complex number. The proof then follows by arguing the minimum value is…
Many proofs of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, including various proofs based on the theory of analytic functions of a complex variable, are known. To the best of our knowledge, this proof is different from the existing ones.
In this paper we give an elementary proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra for polynomials over the rational tropical semi-ring. We prove that, tropically, the rational numbers are algebraically closed. We provide a simple algorithm…
In this paper motivated by the celebrated fundamental theorem of algebra and its standard proof utilizing Liouville's Theorem, we prove the fundamental theorem of algebra type results for both commutative and noncommutative polynomials in…
A simple but rigorous proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus is given in geometric calculus, after the basis for this theory in geometric algebra has been explained. Various classical examples of this theorem, such as the Green's and…
Section 10.4 of the 1998 Springer-Verlag book {\em Complexity and Real Computation}, by Blum, Cucker, Shub, and Smale, contains a particularly elegant proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra: The central idea of the proof naturally…
We present a simple short proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, without complex analysis and with a minimal use of topology. It can be taught in a first year calculus class.
Sturm's theorem (1829/35) provides an elegant algorithm to count and locate the real roots of any real polynomial. In his residue calculus (1831/37) Cauchy extended Sturm's method to count and locate the complex roots of any complex…
This paper shows an elementary and direct proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, via Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem on Minima and the Binomial Formula, that avoids: any root extraction other than the one used to define the modulus…
There are several proofs of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, mainly using algebra, analysis and topology. In this article, we have shown that the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra can be proved using Nevanlinna's first fundamental theorem…
Working in point-free topology under the constraints of geometric logic, we prove the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, and apply it to prove the usual rules for the derivatives of $x^\alpha$, $\gamma^x$, and $\log_\gamma x$.
In this paper, we study the consequences of the fundamental theorem of calculus from an algebraic point of view. For functions with singularities, this leads to a generalized notion of evaluation. We investigate properties of such…
The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra (FTA) asserts that every complex polynomial has as many complex roots, counted with multiplicities, as its degree. A probabilistic analogue of this theorem for real roots of real polynomials, commonly…
We establish an analogue of the fundamental theorem of algebra for polynomial matrix equations, in which the matrices-coefficients and unknown matrix are assumed to be circulant matrices.
Let $K$ be an algebraically closed field with an absolute value. This note gives an elementary proof of the classical result that the roots of a polynomial with coefficients in $K$ are continuous functions of the coefficients of the…
In this paper we establish a general framework in which the verification of support theorems for generalized convex functions acting between an algebraic structure and an ordered algebraic structure is still possible. As for the domain…