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A polynomial is real-rooted if all of its roots are real. This note gives a simple proof of the Hermite-Sylvester theorem that a polynomial $f(x) \in {\mathbf R}[x]$ is real-rooted if and only if an associated quadratic form is positive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-10 Melvyn B. Nathanson

This article deals with a quantitative aspect of Hilbert's seventeenth problem: producing a collection of real polynomials in two variables of degree 8 in one variable which are positive but are not a sum of three squares of rational…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-09-13 Valéry Mahé

A negatively curved hyperbolic cone metric is called rigid if it is determined (up to isotopy) by the support of its Liouville current, and flexible otherwise. We provide a complete characterization of rigidity and flexibility, prove that…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2022-08-19 Viveka Erlandsson , Christopher J. Leininger , Chandrika Sadanand

We prove that any graph of multicurves satisfying certain natural properties is either hyperbolic, relatively hyperbolic, or thick. Further, this geometric characterization is determined by the set of subsurfaces that intersect every vertex…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2022-09-23 Jacob Russell , Kate M. Vokes

The hyperdeterminant of a polynomial (interpreted as a symmetric tensor) factors into several irreducible factors with multiplicities. Using geometric techniques these factors are identified along with their degrees and their…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-16 Luke Oeding

A variety of codimension $c$ in complex affine space is called positively hyperbolic if the imaginary part of any point in it does not lie in any positive linear subspace of dimension $c$. Positively hyperbolic hypersurfaces are defined by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-05 Felipe Rincón , Cynthia Vinzant , Josephine Yu

We introduce a definition of strong hyperbolicity for second order partial differential equations using second order pencils. We show that this definition is equivalent to the standard one, derived by reducing the equations to first order…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Fernando Abalos , David Hilditch

The starting point of this paper is the computation of minimal hyperbolic polynomials of duals of cones arising from chordal sparsity patterns. From that, we investigate the relation between ranks of homogeneous cones and their minimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-13 João Gouveia , Masaru Ito , Bruno F. Lourenço

In this article, we give an account of some recent irreducibility testing criteria for polynomials having integer coefficients over the field of rational numbers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-05 Sanjeev Kumar , Jitender Singh

This paper is devoted to several new results concerning (standard) octonion polynomials. The first is the determination of the roots of all right scalar multiples of octonion polynomials. The roots of left multiples are also discussed,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Adam Chapman , Solomon Vishkautsan

A strong consequence of quadratic forms becoming hyperbolic over the function field of a form is established. This result is invoked to obtain a new characterisation of hyperbolicity over function fields, and to recover a number of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-08 James O'Shea

Geometrical aspects of effectively hyperbolic singular points over $t=0$ are discussed assuming that the characteristic roots are real only on the one side $t\geq 0$. In particular, the difference from the case that the characteristic roots…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-09-07 Tatsuo Nishitani

Analysing the cubic sectors of a real polynomial of degree n, a modification of the Newton Rule is Signs is proposed with which stricter upper bound on the number of real roots can be found. A new necessary condition for reality of the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-02-07 Emil M. Prodanov

In this paper we study the density of polynomials in some $L^2(M)$ spaces. Two choices of the measure $M$ and polynomials are considered: 1) a $(N\times N)$ matrix non-negative Borel measure on $\mathbb{R}$ and vector-valued polynomials…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2011-02-04 Sergey M. Zagorodnyuk

We determine the asymptotic behavior of the coefficients of Hecke polynomials. In particular, this allows us to determine signs of these coefficients when the level or the weight is sufficiently large. In all but finitely many cases, this…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Erick Ross , Hui Xue

We call a log variety (X, D) algebraically hyperbolic if there exists a positive number e such that 2g(C) - 2 + i(C, D) >= e deg(C) for all curves C on X, where i(C, D) is the number of the intersections between D and the normalization of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Xi Chen

A polyform is a planar figure formed by gluing congruent regular polygons along entire edges. We study polyforms in hyperbolic ${p,q}$-tessellations and the extremal problem of minimizing the number of tiles needed to realize exactly $h$…

We prove that if a polynomial has a root mod $p$ for every large prime $p$, then it has a real root. As an application, we show that the primes can't be covered by finitely many positive definite binary quadratic forms.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-24 Rodrigo Angelo , Max Wenqiang Xu

We prove that non-hyperbolic non-renormalizable quadratic polynomials are expansion inducing. For renormalizable polynomials a counterpart of this statement is that in the case of unbounded combinatorics renormalized mappings become almost…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Jacek Graczyk , Grzegorz Swiatek

This is a straightforward introduction to the properties of polynomials in many variables that do not vanish in the open upper half plane. Such polynomials generalize many of the well-known properties of polynomials with all real roots.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-11-27 Steve Fisk