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Human annotation cost and time remain significant bottlenecks in Natural Language Processing (NLP), with test data annotation being particularly expensive due to the stringent requirement for low-error and high-quality labels necessary for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Antonio Purificato , Maria Sofia Bucarelli , Andrea Bacciu , Amin Mantrach , Fabrizio Silvestri

Ensuring robust safety measures across a wide range of scenarios is crucial for user-facing systems. While Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate valuable data for safety measures, they often exhibit distributional biases, focusing on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Sabit Hassan , Anthony Sicilia , Malihe Alikhani

Active Learning (AL) aims to reduce the labeling burden by interactively selecting the most informative samples from a pool of unlabeled data. While there has been extensive research on improving AL query methods in recent years, some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Carsten T. Lüth , Till J. Bungert , Lukas Klein , Paul F. Jaeger

Novel intent class detection is an important problem in real world scenario for conversational agents for continuous interaction. Several research works have been done to detect novel intents in a mono-lingual (primarily English) texts and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Ankan Mullick

The expensive annotation cost is notoriously known as the main constraint for the development of the point cloud semantic segmentation technique. Active learning methods endeavor to reduce such cost by selecting and labeling only a subset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Feifei Shao , Yawei Luo , Ping Liu , Jie Chen , Yi Yang , Yulei Lu , Jun Xiao

Active learning (AL) techniques reduce labeling costs for training neural machine translation (NMT) models by selecting smaller representative subsets from unlabeled data for annotation. Diversity sampling techniques select heterogeneous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Abdul Hameed Azeemi , Ihsan Ayyub Qazi , Agha Ali Raza

In recent years, speech-based self-supervised learning (SSL) has made significant progress in various tasks, including automatic speech recognition (ASR). An ASR model with decent performance can be realized by fine-tuning an SSL model with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-30 Zhisheng Zheng , Ziyang Ma , Yu Wang , Xie Chen

Neural approaches to sequence labeling often use a Conditional Random Field (CRF) to model their output dependencies, while Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) are used for the same purpose in other tasks. We set out to establish RNNs as an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Saeed Najafi , Colin Cherry , Grzegorz Kondrak

Training a supervised neural network classifier typically requires many annotated training samples. Collecting and annotating a large number of data points are costly and sometimes even infeasible. Traditional annotation process uses a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Weixin Liang , James Zou , Zhou Yu

Despite considerable recent progress, the creation of well-balanced and diverse resources remains a time-consuming and costly challenge in Argument Mining. Active Learning reduces the amount of data necessary for the training of machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Nikolai Solmsdorf , Dietrich Trautmann , Hinrich Schütze

Common acquisition functions for active learning use either uncertainty or diversity sampling, aiming to select difficult and diverse data points from the pool of unlabeled data, respectively. In this work, leveraging the best of both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Katerina Margatina , Giorgos Vernikos , Loïc Barrault , Nikolaos Aletras

Kernel-based machine learning regression algorithms (MLRAs) are potentially powerful methods for being implemented into operational biophysical variable retrieval schemes. However, they face difficulties in coping with large training…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-16 ochem Verrelst , Sara Dethier , Juan Pablo Rivera , Jordi Muñoz-Marí , Gustau Camps-Valls , José Moreno

We propose a general purpose active learning algorithm for structured prediction, gathering labeled data for training a model that outputs a set of related labels for an image or video. Active learning starts with a limited initial training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-16 Mehran Khodabandeh , Zhiwei Deng , Mostafa S. Ibrahim , Shinichi Satoh , Greg Mori

Pool-based active learning (AL) aims to optimize the annotation process (i.e., labeling) as the acquisition of annotations is often time-consuming and therefore expensive. For this purpose, an AL strategy queries annotations intelligently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Marek Herde , Denis Huseljic , Bernhard Sick , Adrian Calma

Collecting high-quality labeled data for model training is notoriously time-consuming and labor-intensive for various NLP tasks. While copious solutions, such as active learning for small language models (SLMs) and prevalent in-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Ruixuan Xiao , Yiwen Dong , Junbo Zhao , Runze Wu , Minmin Lin , Gang Chen , Haobo Wang

In recent years, multilingual pre-trained language models have gained prominence due to their remarkable performance on numerous downstream Natural Language Processing tasks (NLP). However, pre-training these large multilingual language…

The increasing scale of large language models (LLMs) brings emergent abilities to various complex tasks requiring reasoning, such as arithmetic and commonsense reasoning. It is known that the effective design of task-specific prompts is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Shizhe Diao , Pengcheng Wang , Yong Lin , Rui Pan , Xiang Liu , Tong Zhang

This paper studies contextual biasing with Large Language Models (LLMs), where during second-pass rescoring additional contextual information is provided to a LLM to boost Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) performance. We propose to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Chuanneng Sun , Zeeshan Ahmed , Yingyi Ma , Zhe Liu , Lucas Kabela , Yutong Pang , Ozlem Kalinli

Recently, several studies have investigated active learning (AL) for natural language processing tasks to alleviate data dependency. However, for query selection, most of these studies mainly rely on uncertainty-based sampling, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Yekyung Kim

As the interest in large language models grows, the importance of accuracy in automatic speech recognition has become more pronounced. This is especially true for lectures that include specialized terminology. In such cases, the success…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Kyudan Jung , Nam-Joon Kim , Hyun Gon Ryu , Hyuk-Jae Lee