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We review the state of the art of the theory of Euclidean random matrices, focusing on the density of their eigenvalues. Both Hermitian and non-Hermitian matrices are considered and links with simpler, standard random matrix ensembles are…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-03-13 A. Goetschy , S. E. Skipetrov

Random-matrix theory is applied to transition-rate matrices in the Pauli master equation. We study the distribution and correlations of eigenvalues, which govern the dynamics of complex stochastic systems. Both the cases of identical and of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-05-29 Carsten Timm

We present a reformulation of optimization problems over the Stiefel manifold by using a Cayley-type transform, named the generalized left-localized Cayley transform, for the Stiefel manifold. The reformulated optimization problem is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Kieta Kume , Isao Yamada

This paper presents an algorithmic method for generating random orthogonal matrices \(A\) that satisfy the property \(A^t S A = S\), where \(S\) is a fixed real invertible symmetric or skew-symmetric matrix. This method is significant as it…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-19 Ali Saraeb

We prove large deviation principles (LDPs) for random matrices in the orthogonal group and Stiefel manifold, determining both the speed and good convex rate functions that are explicitly given in terms of certain log-determinants of…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-04 Zakhar Kabluchko , Joscha Prochno

Upon a consistent topological statistical theory the application of structural statistics requires a quantification of the proximity structure of model spaces. An important tool to study these structures are Pseudo-Riemannian metrices,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-23 Patrick Michl

We give formulas for the density of the measure of orthogonality for orthonormal polynomials with unbounded recurrence coefficients. The formulas involve limits of appropriately scaled Tur\'an determinants or Christoffel functions. Exact…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-02-07 Grzegorz Świderski

In this paper I will describe some results that have been recently obtained in the study of random Euclidean matrices, i.e. matrices that are functions of random points in Euclidean space. In the case of {\sl translation invariant} matrices…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Giorgio Parisi

The Grassmann manifold of linear subspaces is important for the mathematical modelling of a multitude of applications, ranging from problems in machine learning, computer vision and image processing to low-rank matrix optimization problems,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-01-09 Thomas Bendokat , Ralf Zimmermann , P. -A. Absil

We review the ideas of how random matrix theory has to be properly applied to quantum physics; particularly we focus on how the spectrum has to be properly prepared and the random matrix correctly identified before the random matrix and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Mario Kieburg

We derive three families of orthogonally-equivariant matrix submanifold models for the Grassmann, flag, and Stiefel manifolds respectively. These families are exhaustive -- every orthogonally-equivariant submanifold model of the lowest…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-19 Lek-Heng Lim , Ke Ye

In this paper, we define the geometric median of a probability measure on a Riemannian manifold, give its characterization and a natural condition to ensure its uniqueness. In order to calculate the median in practical cases, we also…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Le Yang

Contrary to standard statistical models, unnormalised statistical models only specify the likelihood function up to a constant. While such models are natural and popular, the lack of normalisation makes inference much more difficult. Here…

Computation · Statistics 2014-12-01 Simon Barthelmé , Nicolas Chopin

We study the spectral measure of large Euclidean random matrices. The entries of these matrices are determined by the relative position of $n$ random points in a compact set $\Omega_n$ of $\R^d$. Under various assumptions we establish the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-12-12 Charles Bordenave

Regression on manifolds, and, more broadly, statistics on manifolds, has garnered significant importance in recent years due to the vast number of applications for non Euclidean data. Circular data is a classic example, but so is data in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-18 Alejandro Cholaquidis , Fabrice Gamboa , Leonardo Moreno

We survey recent mathematical results about the spectrum of random band matrices. We start by exposing the Erd{\H o}s-Schlein-Yau dynamic approach, its application to Wigner matrices, and extension to other mean-field models. We then…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-08-31 Paul Bourgade

We prove that if a rectangular matrix with uniformly small entries and approximately orthogonal rows is applied to the independent standardized random variables with uniformly bounded third moments, then the empirical CDF of the resulting…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-14 Bernard Bercu , Wlodzimierz Bryc

A Stiefel manifold of the compact type is often encountered in many fields of Engineering including, signal and image processing, machine learning, numerical optimization and others. The Stiefel manifold is a Riemannian homogeneous space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-02 Rudrasis Chakraborty , Baba Vemuri

The statistics of random band--matrices with width and strength of the band slowly varying along the diagonal is considered. The Dyson equation for the averaged Green function close to the edge of spectrum is reduced to the Painlev\'{e} I…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-08-31 P. G. Silvestrov

Spectral and numerical properties of classes of random orthogonal butterfly matrices, as introduced by Parker (1995), are discussed, including the uniformity of eigenvalue distributions. These matrices are important because the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-08-26 Thomas Trogdon