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We analyze the polynomial solutions of the linear differential equation $p_2(x)y''+p_1(x)y'+p_0(x)y=0$ where $p_j(x)$ is a $j^{\rm th}$-degree polynomial. We discuss all the possible polynomial solutions and their dependence on the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-11-04 Nasser Saad , Richard L. Hall , Victoria A. Trenton

In this paper, we study the growth of transcendental entire solutions of linear difference equations \begin{equation} P_m(z)\Delta^mf(z)+\cdots+P_1(z)\Delta f(z)+P_0(z)f(z)=0,\tag{+} \end{equation} where $P_j(z)$ are polynomials for…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-04-04 Xiong-Feng Liu , Zhi-Tao Wen , Can-Xin Zhu

Supposing that $A(z)$ is an exponential polynomial of the form $$ A(z)=H_0(z)+H_1(z)e^{\zeta_1z^n}+\cdots +H_m(z)e^{\zeta_mz^n}, $$ where $H_j$'s are entire and of order $<n$, it is demonstrated that the function $H_0(z)$ and the geometric…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2019-07-19 Janne Heittokangas , Katsuya Ishizaki , Ilpo Laine , Kazuya Tohge

In this paper, we analyze the solutions of the following non-linear differential-difference equations f^n(z) +\omega f^(n-1)f'(z) +p(z)f(z+c) = p_1e^{\alpha}_1z +p_2e^{\alpha}_2z and f^n(z)f'(z) +q(z)e^Q(z)f(z+c) = p_1e^{\alpha}_1z…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Nidhi Gahlian

An exponential polynomial of order $q$ is an entire function of the form $$ f(z)=P_1(z)e^{Q_1(z)}+\cdots +P_k(z)e^{Q_k(z)}, $$ where the coefficients $P_j(z),Q_j(z)$ are polynomials in $z$ such that $$ \max\{\deg{Q_j}\}=q. $$ In 1977…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2019-06-19 Janne Heittokangas , Zhi-Tao Wen

For R(z, w) rational with complex coefficients, of degree at least 2 in w, we show that the number of rational functions f(z) solving the difference equation f(z+1)=R(z, f(z)) is finite and bounded just in terms of the degrees of R in the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-25 Patrick Ingram

In this paper, we study the unicity of entire functions concerning their $q-$shifts and $k-$th derivatives and prove: Let $f(z)$ be a transcendental entire function of zero-order, and $g(z)$ define as in (1.1). Let $a(z), b(z)$ be two…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2023-07-31 XiaoHuang Huang

In the paper, we find out the precise form of the finite order entire solutions of the following differential-difference equation \[f^{(k)}(z)=\sideset{}{^n_{j=0}}{\sum} a_j f(z+jc),\] where $a_0, a_1,\ldots,a_n(\neq 0)\in\mathbb{C}$. Also…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Junfeng Xu , Sujoy Majumder , Debabrata Pramanik

A transcendental function usually returns transcendental values at algebraic points. The (algebraic) exceptions form the so-called \emph{exceptional set}, as for instance the unitary set $\{0\}$ for the function $f(z) = e^z \,$, according…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-08-28 D. Marques , F. M. S. Lima

Let $A$ be a transcendental entire function of finite order. We show that if the differential equation $w''+Aw=0$ has two linearly independent solutions with only real zeros, then the order of $A$ must be an odd integer or one half of an…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Walter Bergweiler , Alexandre Eremenko , Lasse Rempe

We consider transcendental entire functions of finite order for which the zeros and $1$-points are in disjoint sectors. Under suitable hypotheses on the sizes of these sectors we show that such functions must have a specific form, or that…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2020-12-29 Walter Bergweiler , Alexandre Eremenko

This article deals with the second order linear differential equations with entire coefficients. We prove some results involving conditions on coefficients so that the order of growth of every non-trivial solution is infinite.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2021-02-24 Garima Pant , Manisha Saini

This article is devoted to the study of solutions of non-homogenous linear differential equations having entire coefficients. We get all non-trivial solutions of infinite order of equation $f^{(n)}+a_{n-1}(z)f^{(n-1)}+\ldots…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2022-08-24 Naveen Mehra , S. K. Chanyal

In this paper, we study about existence and non-existence of finite order transcendental entire solutions of the certain non-linear differential-difference equations. We also study about conjectures posed by Rong et al. and Chen et al.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2021-07-30 Garima Pant , Sanjay Kumar Pant

It is known that a Bank-Laine function $E$ is a product of two normalized solutions of the second order differential equation $f"+Af=0$ $(\dagger)$, where $A=A(z)$ is an entire function. By using Bergweiler and Eremenko's method of…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-12-31 Yueyang Zhang

For the family of analytic functions $f(z)$ in the open unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ with $f(0)=f'(0)-1=0$, satisfying the differential equation \begin{equation*} zf'(z) - f(z) = \dfrac{1}{2} z^2 \phi(z), \quad |\phi(z)| \leq 1, \end{equation*}…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Prachi Prajna Dash , Jugal Kishore Prajapat

We show that for a real transcendental meromorphic function f, the differential polynomial f'+f^m with m > 4 has infinitely many non-real zeros. Similar results are obtained for differential polynomials f'f^m-1. We specially investigate the…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2008-08-08 W. Bergweiler , A. Eremenko , J. Langley

This article presents several findings regarding second and third-order differential subordination of the form: $$ p(z)+\gamma_1 zp'(z)+\gamma_2 z^2p''(z)\prec h(z)\implies p(z)\prec e^z $$ and $$ p(z)+\gamma_1 zp'(z)+\gamma_2…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-04-01 S. Sivaprasad Kumar , Neha Verma

We determine all entire functions $f$ such that for nonzero complex values $a\neq b$ the implications $f=a \Rightarrow f' =a$ and $f' =b \Rightarrow f=b$ hold. This solves an open problem in uniqueness theory. In this context we give a…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Andreas Sauer , Andreas Schweizer

We show that for every non-negative integer d, there exist differential equations w''+Pw=0, where P is a polynomial of degree d, such that some non-trivial solution w has all zeros real.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Alexandre Eremenko , Sergei Merenkov