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I investigate the volume corrections on cumulants of total charge distributions and net proton distributions. The required volume information is generated by an optical Glauber model. I find that the corrected statistical expectations of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-11-15 Hao-jie Xu

We present the measurements of the higher moments of the net-proton multiplicity distributions for Au+Au collisions from the first phase of the beam energy scan program at RHIC. The measurements are carried out at midrapidity ($|y|<0.5$)…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 Xiaofeng Luo

The QCD Critical Point is a pivotal feature of the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. Signatures of the critical point are expected to manifest through the non-monotonic behavior of higher-order moments of conserved quantities,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-30 Amal Sarkar , Paramita Deb , Bidhan Mandal , Raghava Varma

Fluctuations of conserved quantities are sensitive observables to probe the signature of QCD phase transition and critical point in heavy-ion collisions. With the UrQMD model, we have studied the centrality and energy dependence of various…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2016-08-03 Ji Xu , Shili Yu , Feng Liu , Xiaofeng Luo

Fluctuations play a key role in the study of QCD phases. Lattice QCD is a valuable tool to calculate them, but going to high orders is challenging. Up to the fourth order, continuum results are available since 2015. We present the first…

We argue that by measuring higher moments of the net proton number fluctuations in heavy ion collisions (HIC) one can probe the QCD chiral cross over transition experimentally. We discuss the properties of fluctuations of the net baryon…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-05 Krzysztof Redlich

We study the correlation between the distributions of the net-charge, net-kaon, net-baryon and net-proton number at hadronization and after the final hadronic decoupling by simulating ultra relativistic heavy ion collisions with the hybrid…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-11-23 J. Steinheimer , V. Vovchenko , J. Aichelin , M. Bleicher , H. Stöcker

The moments of proton and net-proton multiplicity distributions are observables expected to be sensitive to the QCD critical point and the nature of the QCD phase transition from QGP to hadron gas. Hyper-order cumulants are measured in wide…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2024-06-03 Dylan Neff

We develop a framework to relate proton number cumulants measured in heavy-ion collisions within a momentum space acceptance to the susceptibilities of baryon number, assuming that particles are emitted from a fireball with uniform…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-08-30 Volodymyr Vovchenko , Volker Koch

The probability density functions of proton, anti-proton, and net-proton multiplicity distributions are constructed from the Beam Energy Scan results of the STAR experiment using the Pearson curve method. The constructed distributions of…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2022-03-11 Nirbhay Kumar Behera , Min Jung Kweon

Following a ground-breaking proposal by Ji~\cite{PhysRevLett.110.262002}, numerical simulations of Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD) on a Euclidean lattice have provided new, valuable information on the structure of hadrons. In this talk, we…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-11-29 Luigi Del Debbio

Recent studies by the NPLQCD collaboration of hadronic interactions using lattice QCD are reviewed, with an emphasis on a recent calculation of meson-baryon scattering lengths. Ongoing high-statistics calculations of baryon interactions are…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2014-11-20 Silas Beane

Fluctuations and correlations of the net-baryon number play an important role in exploring critical phenomena in phase transitions of strongly interacting matter governed by Quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this work, we use the parity…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-31 Volker Koch , Michał Marczenko , Krzysztof Redlich , Chihiro Sasaki

QCD critical point is a landmark region in the QCD phase diagram outlined by temperature as a function of baryon chemical potential. To the right of this second-order phase transition point, one expects first order quark-hadron phase…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2022-05-25 A. Pandav , D. Mallick , B. Mohanty

The HADES experiment investigates the reaction products of heavy-ion collisions at a few GeV, providing access to QCD matter at high net-baryon densities. A particular focus is the reconstruction of higher-order cumulant ratios of proton…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-10-20 Marvin Nabroth

We present a calculation of the net baryon number density as a function of imaginary baryon number chemical potential, obtained with highly improved staggered quarks (HISQ) at temporal lattice extent of $N_\tau=4,6$. We construct various…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-03-08 P. Dimopoulos , L. Dini , F. Di Renzo , J. Goswami , G. Nicotra , C. Schmidt , S. Singh , K. Zambello , F. Ziesché

We compute high-order baryon number fluctuations at finite temperature and density within a QCD-assisted low energy effective field theory. Quantum, thermal and density fluctuations are incorporated with the functional renormalization group…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-10-04 Wei-jie Fu , Xiaofeng Luo , Jan M. Pawlowski , Fabian Rennecke , Rui Wen , Shi Yin

In this paper we show that QCD at high energies leads to the multiplicity distribution $\frac{\sigma_n}{\sigma_{ \rm in}}\,\,=\,\,\frac{1}{N}\,\Lb \frac{N\,-\,1}{N}\Rb^{n - 1}$, (where $N$ denotes the average number of particles), and to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-10-21 E. Gotsman , E. Levin

We report the first measurements of a complete second-order cumulant matrix of net-charge, net-proton, and net-kaon multiplicity distributions for the first phase of the beam energy scan program at RHIC. This includes the centrality and,…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2022-02-09 STAR Collaboration , J. Adam , L. Adamczyk , J. R. Adams , J. K. Adkins , G. Agakishiev , M. M. Aggarwal , Z. Ahammed , I. Alekseev , D. M. Anderson , R. Aoyama , A. Aparin , D. Arkhipkin , E. C. Aschenauer , M. U. Ashraf , F. Atetalla , A. Attri , G. S. Averichev , V. Bairathi , K. Barish , A. J. Bassill , A. Behera , R. Bellwied , A. Bhasin , A. K. Bhati , J. Bielcik , J. Bielcikova , L. C. Bland , I. G. Bordyuzhin , J. D. Brandenburg , A. V. Brandin , J. Bryslawskyj , I. Bunzarov , J. Butterworth , H. Caines , M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez , D. Cebra , I. Chakaberia , P. Chaloupka , B. K. Chan , F-H. Chang , Z. Chang , N. Chankova-Bunzarova , A. Chatterjee , S. Chattopadhyay , J. H. Chen , X. Chen , J. Cheng , M. Cherney , W. Christie , H. J. Crawford , M. Csanád , S. Das , T. G. Dedovich , I. M. Deppner , A. A. Derevschikov , L. Didenko , C. Dilks , X. Dong , J. L. Drachenberg , J. C. Dunlop , T. Edmonds , N. Elsey , J. Engelage , G. Eppley , R. Esha , S. Esumi , O. Evdokimov , J. Ewigleben , O. Eyser , R. Fatemi , S. Fazio , P. Federic , J. Fedorisin , Y. Feng , P. Filip , E. Finch , Y. Fisyak , L. Fulek , C. A. Gagliardi , T. Galatyuk , F. Geurts , A. Gibson , D. Grosnick , A. Gupta , W. Guryn , A. I. Hamad , A. Hamed , J. W. Harris , L. He , S. Heppelmann , S. Heppelmann , N. Herrmann , L. Holub , Y. Hong , S. Horvat , B. Huang , H. Z. Huang , S. L. Huang , T. Huang , X. Huang , T. J. Humanic , P. Huo , G. Igo , W. W. Jacobs , A. Jentsch , J. Jia , K. Jiang , S. Jowzaee , X. Ju , E. G. Judd , S. Kabana , S. Kagamaster , D. Kalinkin , K. Kang , D. Kapukchyan , K. Kauder , H. W. Ke , D. Keane , A. Kechechyan , M. Kelsey , Y. V. Khyzhniak , D. P. Kikoła , C. Kim , T. A. Kinghorn , I. Kisel , A. Kisiel , M. Kocan , L. Kochenda , L. K. Kosarzewski , L. Kramarik , P. Kravtsov , K. Krueger , N. Kulathunga Mudiyanselage , L. Kumar , R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli , J. H. Kwasizur , R. Lacey , J. M. Landgraf , J. Lauret , A. Lebedev , R. Lednicky , J. H. Lee , C. Li , W. Li , W. Li , X. Li , Y. Li , Y. Liang , R. Licenik , T. Lin , A. Lipiec , M. A. Lisa , F. Liu , H. Liu , P. Liu , P. Liu , T. Liu , X. Liu , Y. Liu , Z. Liu , T. Ljubicic , W. J. Llope , M. Lomnitz , R. S. Longacre , S. Luo , X. Luo , G. L. Ma , L. Ma , R. Ma , Y. G. Ma , N. Magdy , R. Majka , D. Mallick , S. Margetis , C. Markert , H. S. Matis , O. Matonoha , J. A. Mazer , K. Meehan , J. C. Mei , N. G. Minaev , S. Mioduszewski , D. Mishra , B. Mohanty , M. M. Mondal , I. Mooney , Z. Moravcova , D. A. Morozov , Md. Nasim , K. Nayak , J. M. Nelson , D. B. Nemes , M. Nie , G. Nigmatkulov , T. Niida , L. V. Nogach , T. Nonaka , G. Odyniec , A. Ogawa , K. Oh , S. Oh , V. A. Okorokov , B. S. Page , R. Pak , Y. Panebratsev , B. Pawlik , D. Pawlowska , H. Pei , C. Perkins , R. L. Pintér , J. Pluta , J. Porter , M. Posik , N. K. Pruthi , M. Przybycien , J. Putschke , A. Quintero , S. K. Radhakrishnan , S. Ramachandran , R. L. Ray , R. Reed , H. G. Ritter , J. B. Roberts , O. V. Rogachevskiy , J. L. Romero , L. Ruan , J. Rusnak , O. Rusnakova , N. R. Sahoo , P. K. Sahu , S. Salur , J. Sandweiss , J. Schambach , W. B. Schmidke , N. Schmitz , B. R. Schweid , F. Seck , J. Seger , M. Sergeeva , R. Seto , P. Seyboth , N. Shah , E. Shahaliev , P. V. Shanmuganathan , M. Shao , F. Shen , W. Q. Shen , S. S. Shi , Q. Y. Shou , E. P. Sichtermann , S. Siejka , R. Sikora , M. Simko , J Singh , S. Singha , D. Smirnov , N. Smirnov , W. Solyst , P. Sorensen , H. M. Spinka , B. Srivastava , T. D. S. Stanislaus , M. Stefaniak , D. J. Stewart , M. Strikhanov , B. Stringfellow , A. A. P. Suaide , T. Sugiura , M. Sumbera , B. Summa , X. M. Sun , Y. Sun , Y. Sun , B. Surrow , D. N. Svirida , P. Szymanski , A. H. Tang , Z. Tang , A. Taranenko , T. Tarnowsky , J. H. Thomas , A. R. Timmins , D. Tlusty , T. Todoroki , M. Tokarev , C. A. Tomkiel , S. Trentalange , R. E. Tribble , P. Tribedy , S. K. Tripathy , O. D. Tsai , B. Tu , T. Ullrich , D. G. Underwood , I. Upsal , G. Van Buren , J. Vanek , A. N. Vasiliev , I. Vassiliev , F. Videbæk , S. Vokal , S. A. Voloshin , F. Wang , G. Wang , P. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. Wang , J. C. Webb , L. Wen , G. D. Westfall , H. Wieman , S. W. Wissink , R. Witt , Y. Wu , Z. G. Xiao , G. Xie , W. Xie , H. Xu , N. Xu , Q. H. Xu , Y. F. Xu , Z. Xu , C. Yang , Q. Yang , S. Yang , Y. Yang , Z. Ye , Z. Ye , L. Yi , K. Yip , I. -K. Yoo , H. Zbroszczyk , W. Zha , D. Zhang , L. Zhang , S. Zhang , S. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Z. Zhang , J. Zhao , C. Zhong , C. Zhou , X. Zhu , Z. Zhu , M. Zurek , M. Zyzak

Extending earlier work on strong-coupling meson-baryon scattering in QCD_2, we derive the effective meson-baryon action for any value of the coupling constant, in the large-N_c limit. Colour degrees of freedom play an important role, and we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-11 John Ellis , Yitzhak Frishman , Marek Karliner