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Despite the advances in digital healthcare systems offering curated structured knowledge, much of the critical information still lies in large volumes of unlabeled and unstructured clinical texts. These texts, which often contain protected…

Privacy is a human right that sustains patient-provider trust. Clinical notes capture a patient's private vulnerability and individuality, which are used for care coordination and research. Under HIPAA Safe Harbor, these notes are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Lavender Y. Jiang , Xujin Chris Liu , Kyunghyun Cho , Eric K. Oermann

De-identification of electronic health records (EHR) is a vital step towards advancing health informatics research and maximising the use of available data. It is a two-step process where step one is the identification of protected health…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Vithya Yogarajan , Bernhard Pfahringer , Michael Mayo

Natural language processing (NLP) is a key technology to extract important patient information from clinical narratives to support healthcare applications. The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized many NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Cheng Peng , Xinyu Dong , Mengxian Lyu , Daniel Paredes , Yaoyun Zhang , Yonghui Wu

Many modern entity recognition systems, including the current state-of-the-art de-identification systems, are based on bidirectional long short-term memory (biLSTM) units augmented by a conditional random field (CRF) sequence optimizer.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Kahyun Lee , Mehmet Kayaalp , Sam Henry , Özlem Uzuner

Today, we are seeing an ever-increasing number of clinical notes that contain clinical results, images, and textual descriptions of patient's health state. All these data can be analyzed and employed to cater novel services that can help…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Danilo Dessi , Rim Helaoui , Vivek Kumar , Diego Reforgiato Recupero , Daniele Riboni

Background: Natural Language Processing (NLP) is widely used to extract clinical insights from Electronic Health Records (EHRs). However, the lack of annotated data, automated tools, and other challenges hinder the full utilisation of NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Elias Hossain , Rajib Rana , Niall Higgins , Jeffrey Soar , Prabal Datta Barua , Anthony R. Pisani , Ph. D , Kathryn Turner}

To provide privacy-aware software systems, it is crucial to consider privacy from the very beginning of the development. However, developers do not have the expertise and the knowledge required to embed the legal and social requirements for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Francesco Casillo , Vincenzo Deufemia , Carmine Gravino

Named Entity Recognition is one of the most important text processing requirement in many NLP tasks. In this paper we use a deep architecture to accomplish the task of recognizing named entities in a given Hindi text sentence. Bidirectional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Bansi Shah , Sunil Kumar Kopparapu

State of the art models using deep neural networks have become very good in learning an accurate mapping from inputs to outputs. However, they still lack generalization capabilities in conditions that differ from the ones encountered during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Alexey Romanov , Chaitanya Shivade

The CEGS N-GRID 2016 Shared Task 1 in Clinical Natural Language Processing focuses on the de-identification of psychiatric evaluation records. This paper describes two participating systems of our team, based on conditional random fields…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-02 Zhipeng Jiang , Chao Zhao , Bin He , Yi Guan , Jingchi Jiang

In modern electronic medical records (EMR) much of the clinically important data - signs and symptoms, symptom severity, disease status, etc. - are not provided in structured data fields, but rather are encoded in clinician generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-08-10 Son Doan , Mike Conway , Tu Minh Phuong , Lucila Ohno-Machado

In recent years, Deep Learning (DL) models are becoming important due to their demonstrated success at overcoming complex learning problems. DL models have been applied effectively for different Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Hamada A. Nayel , Shashrekha H. L

Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) contain clinical narrative text that is of great potential value to medical researchers. However, this information is mixed with Personally Identifiable Information (PII) that presents risks to patient and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Leibo Liu , Oscar Perez-Concha , Anthony Nguyen , Vicki Bennett , Louisa Jorm

We report our effort to identify the sensitive information, subset of data items listed by HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability), from medical text using the recent advances in natural language processing and machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-13 Besat Kassaie

De-identification is the task of identifying protected health information (PHI) in the clinical text. Existing neural de-identification models often fail to generalize to a new dataset. We propose a simple yet effective data augmentation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Xiang Yue , Shuang Zhou

Clinical notes, which can be embedded into electronic medical records, document patient care delivery and summarize interactions between healthcare providers and patients. These clinical notes directly inform patient care and can also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Suzanna Schmeelk , Martins Samuel Dogo , Yifan Peng , Braja Gopal Patra

Recent developments in deep learning have led to great success in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, these applications may involve data that contain sensitive information. Therefore, how to achieve good performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Lijie Hu , Ivan Habernal , Lei Shen , Di Wang

Identifying patient cohorts from clinical notes in secondary electronic health records is a fundamental task in clinical information management. However, with the growing number of clinical notes, it becomes challenging to analyze the data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Sahar Khalafi , Nasser Ghadiri , Milad Moradi

Various deep learning algorithms have been developed to analyze different types of clinical data including clinical text classification and extracting information from 'free text' and so on. However, automate the keyword extraction from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Matthew Tang , Priyanka Gandhi , Md Ahsanul Kabir , Christopher Zou , Jordyn Blakey , Xiao Luo