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Living cells dynamically modulate the local morphologies of their actin cytoskeletons to perform biological functions, including force transduction, intracellular transport, and cell division. A major challenge is to understand how diverse…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-12-07 Simon L. Freedman , Glen M. Hocky , Shiladitya Banerjee , Aaron R. Dinner

Imagine a robot that can assemble a functional product from the individual parts presented in any configuration to the robot. Designing such a robotic system is a complex problem which presents several open challenges. To bypass these…

Understanding how living organisms spontaneously develop complex functional structures inspires innovative approaches in engineering design. Here, we introduce a decentralized generative model based on morphogenesis to autonomously grow…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-09-15 Thomas Fromentèze , Philippe Michaud , Ali Hassny , Vincent Pateloup

Hydrodynamic synchronization provides a general mechanism for the spontaneous emergence of coherent beating states in independently driven mesoscopic oscillators. A complete physical picture of those phenomena is of definite importance to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-01-29 Nick Koumakis , Roberto Di Leonardo

Active matter comprises self-driven units, such as bacteria and synthetic microswimmers, that can spontaneously form complex patterns and assemble into functional microdevices. These processes are possible thanks to the out-of-equilibrium…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-11-17 Jens Grauer , Falko Schmidt , Jesus Pineda , Benjamin Midtvedt , Hartmut Löwen , Giovanni Volpe , Benno Liebchen

Motivated by recent experimental findings in chemical synthesis of colloidal particles, we draw an analogy between self-assembly processes occurring in biological systems (e.g. protein folding) and a new exciting possibility in the field of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-02-14 Achille Giacometti

The question of characterization of the degree of non-equilibrium activity in active matter systems is studied in the context of a stochastic microswimmer model driven by a chemical cycle. The resulting dynamical properties and entropy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-05-27 Michalis Chatzittofi , Jaime Agudo-Canalejo , Ramin Golestanian

Active colloids, also known as artificial microswimmers, are self-propelled micro and nanoparticles that convert uniform sources of fuel (e.g. chemical) or uniform external driving fields (e.g. magnetic or electric) into directed motion by…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-01-30 Songbo Ni , Emanuele Marini , Ivo Buttinoni , Heiko Wolf , Lucio Isa

Although common in nature, the self-assembly of small molecules at sold-liquid interfaces is difficult to control in artificial systems. The high mobility of dissolved small molecules limits their residence at the interface, typically…

Many active biological particles, such as swimming microorganisms or motor-proteins, do work on their environment by going though a periodic sequence of shapes. Interactions between particles can lead to the phase-synchronization of their…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-07-26 Brato Chakrabarti , Michael J. Shelley , Sebastian Fürthauer

In this paper we introduce a new method to design interparticle interactions to target arbitrary crystal structures via the process of self-assembly. We show that it is possible to exploit the curvature of the crystal nucleation free-energy…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2010-12-21 William L. Miller , Angelo Cacciuto

Molecular self-assembly on surfaces constitutes a powerful method for creating tailor-made surface structures with dedicated functionalities. Varying the intermolecular interactions allows for tuning the resulting molecular structures in a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-07-24 Christoph Schiel , Maximilian Vogtland , Ralf Bechstein , Angelika Kühnle , Philipp Maass

Harnessing the intrinsic dynamics of physical systems for information processing opens new avenues for computation embodied in matter. Using simulations of a model system, we show that assemblies of DNA tiles capable of self-organizing into…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-23 Tim E. Veenstra , René van Roij , Marjolein Dijkstra

The design space for a self-assembled multicomponent objects ranges from a solution in which every building block is unique to one with the minimum number of distinct building blocks that unambiguously define the target structure. Using a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-03-13 Joakim Bohlin , Andrew J. Turberfield , Ard A. Louis , Petr Šulc

Collective states of inanimate particles self-assemble through physical interactions and thermal motion. Despite some phenomenological resemblance, including signatures of criticality, the autonomous dynamics that binds motile agents into…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-02-01 Xiangzun Wang , Pin-Chuan Chen , Klaus Kroy , Viktor Holubec , Frank Cichos

Self-assembling, semi-flexible polymers are ubiquitous in biology and technology. However, there remain conflicting accounts of the equilibrium kinetics for such an important system. Here, by focusing on a dynamical description of a minimal…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-07-17 Chiu Fan Lee

We introduce a phenomenological theory for a new class of soft active fluids, with the ability to synchronise. Our theoretical framework describes the macroscopic behaviour of a collection of interacting anisotropic elements with cyclic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-16 M. Leoni , T. B. Liverpool

We simulate crystallisation of hard spheres with short-ranged attractive potentials, as a model self-assembling system. We show how measurements of correlation and response functions during assembly can be used to tune the interaction…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-03-10 Daphne Klotsa , Robert L. Jack

Molecular building blocks interacting at the nanoscale organize spontaneously into stable mono- layers that display intriguing long-range ordering motifs on the surface of atomic substrates. The patterning process, if appropriately…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-02-18 Marta Balbás Gambra , Carsten Rohr , Kathrin Gruber , Bianca Hermann , Thomas Franosch

Grafting linkers with open ends of complementary single-stranded DNA makes a flexible tool to tune interactions between colloids,which facilitates the design of complex self-assembly structures. Recently, it has been proposed to coat…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-01-31 Hao Hu , Pablo Sampedro Ruiz , Ran Ni