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Large language model (LLM) steering has emerged as a promising paradigm for controlling model behavior at inference time through targeted manipulation of hidden states, offering a lightweight alternative to expensive retraining. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Haolei Xu , Xinyu Mei , Yuchen Yan , Rui Zhou , Wenqi Zhang , Weiming Lu , Yueting Zhuang , Yongliang Shen

Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) have emerged as a paradigm in knowledge representation, offering exceptional flexibility and performance across a diverse range of applications. INRs leverage multilayer perceptrons (MLPs) to model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Amer Essakine , Yanqi Cheng , Chun-Wun Cheng , Lipei Zhang , Zhongying Deng , Lei Zhu , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Angelica I Aviles-Rivero

Information Retriever (IR) aims to find the relevant documents (e.g. snippets, passages, and articles) to a given query at large scale. IR plays an important role in many tasks such as open domain question answering and dialogue systems,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Man Luo

Information retrieval has long focused on ranking documents by semantic relatedness. Yet many real-world information needs demand more: enforcement of logical constraints, multi-step inference, and synthesis of multiple pieces of evidence.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Mohanna Hoveyda , Panagiotis Efstratiadis , Arjen de Vries , Maarten de Rijke

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a pivotal component of large language model (LLM) post-training, and agentic RL extends this paradigm to operate as agents through multi-turn interaction and tool use. Scaling such systems exposes two…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Zheyue Tan , Mustapha Abdullahi , Tuo Shi , Huining Yuan , Zelai Xu , Chao Yu , Boxun Li , Bo Zhao

Acquiring complex behaviors is essential for artificially intelligent agents, yet learning these behaviors in high-dimensional settings poses a significant challenge due to the vast search space. Traditional reinforcement learning (RL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Mert Albaba , Sammy Christen , Thomas Langarek , Christoph Gebhardt , Otmar Hilliges , Michael J. Black

This paper investigates the reinforcement learning for the relay selection in the delay-constrained buffer-aided networks. The buffer-aided relay selection significantly improves the outage performance but often at the price of higher…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-23 Chong Huang , Gaojie Chen , Yu Gong

Imitation learning (IL) has shown great success in learning complex robot manipulation tasks. However, there remains a need for practical safety methods to justify widespread deployment. In particular, it is important to certify that a…

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an emerging technique employing metasurface to reflect the signal from the source node to the destination node without consuming any energy. Not only the spectral efficiency but also the energy…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Qi Gu , Dan Wu , Xin Su , Jing Jin , Yifei Yuan , Jiangzhou Wang

Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) are proving to be a powerful paradigm in unifying task modeling across diverse data domains, offering key advantages such as memory efficiency and resolution independence. Conventional deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Amirhossein Kazerouni , Soroush Mehraban , Michael Brudno , Babak Taati

As the computational requirements for machine learning systems and the size and complexity of machine learning frameworks increases, essential framework innovation has become challenging. While computational needs have driven recent…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) and their multimodal variants have led to remarkable progress across various domains, demonstrating impressive capabilities and unprecedented potential. In the era of ubiquitous…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-14 Jiawei Shao , Xuelong Li

Accurate fault detection in high-dimensional industrial environments remains a major challenge due to the inherent complexity, noise, and redundancy in sensor data. This paper introduces CLAIRE, i.e., a hybrid end-to-end learning framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Mohammadhossein Ghahramani , Mengchu Zhou

From the moment of their inception, languages for relational data have been described as sublanguages embedded in a host programming language. Rel is a new relational language whose key design goal is to go beyond this paradigm with…

Many production lines require active control mechanisms, such as adaptive routing, worker reallocation, and rescheduling, to maintain optimal performance. However, designing these control systems is challenging for various reasons, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Kai Müller , Martin Wenzel , Tobias Windisch

Mechanistic interpretability is an emerging diagnostic approach for neural models that has gained traction in broader natural language processing domains. This paradigm aims to provide attribution to components of neural systems where…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Andrew Parry , Catherine Chen , Carsten Eickhoff , Sean MacAvaney

We introduce Ivy, a templated Deep Learning (DL) framework which abstracts existing DL frameworks. Ivy unifies the core functions of these frameworks to exhibit consistent call signatures, syntax and input-output behaviour. New high-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Daniel Lenton , Fabio Pardo , Fabian Falck , Stephen James , Ronald Clark

Retrieval-augmented large language models (R-LLMs) combine pre-trained large language models (LLMs) with information retrieval systems to improve the accuracy of factual question-answering. However, current libraries for building R-LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yasuto Hoshi , Daisuke Miyashita , Youyang Ng , Kento Tatsuno , Yasuhiro Morioka , Osamu Torii , Jun Deguchi

Building models for realistic natural language tasks requires dealing with long texts and accounting for complicated structural dependencies. Neural-symbolic representations have emerged as a way to combine the reasoning capabilities of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Maria Leonor Pacheco , Dan Goldwasser

In the era of big data, large-scale machine learning models have revolutionized various fields, driving significant advancements. However, large-scale model training demands high financial and computational resources, which are only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Haihan Duan , Tengfei Ma , Yuyang Qin , Runhao Zeng , Wei Cai , Victor C. M. Leung , Xiping Hu