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Projected entangled-pair states (PEPS) constitute a powerful variational ansatz for capturing ground state physics of two-dimensional quantum systems. However, accurately computing and minimizing the energy expectation value remains…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-08-15 Wei Tang , Laurens Vanderstraeten , Jutho Haegeman

Projected entangled pair states (PEPS) are very useful in the description of strongly correlated systems, partly because they allow encoding symmetries, either global or local (gauge), naturally. In recent years, PEPS with local symmetries…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2025-08-25 David Blanik , José Garre-Rubio , András Molnár , Erez Zohar

The infinite projected entangled pair states (iPEPS) technique [J. Jordan {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 101}, 250602 (2008)] has been widely used in the recent years to assess the properties of two-dimensional quantum systems, working…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-08-23 Juraj Hasik , Federico Becca

These are lecture notes from the 44th IFF Spring School "Quantum Information Processing" in Juelich, discussing applications of entanglement theory in condensed matter. The focus of the notes is on tensor network states, in particular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-25 Norbert Schuch

Quantum many-body systems are challenging targets for computational physics due to their large degrees of freedom. The tensor networks, particularly Tensor Product States (TPS) and Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS), effectively…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-01-15 Yuichi Motoyama , Tsuyoshi Okubo , Kazuyoshi Yoshimi , Satoshi Morita , Tatsumi Aoyama , Takeo Kato , Naoki Kawashima

This thesis is divided into two mainly independent parts: In the first part, we derive a criterion to determine when a translationally invariant Matrix Product State (MPS) has long range localizable entanglement, which indicates that the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-09-22 Thorsten B. Wahl

Tensor network states are for good reasons believed to capture ground states of gapped local Hamiltonians arising in the condensed matter context, states which are in turn expected to satisfy an entanglement area law. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-28 M. Schwarz , O. Buerschaper , J. Eisert

We present a continuous tensor-network construction for the states of quantum fields called cPEPS (continuous projected entangled pair state), which enjoys the same spatial and global symmetries of ground-states of relativistic field…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-24 Tom Shachar , Erez Zohar

Calculation of observables with three-dimensional projected entangled pair states is generally hard, as it requires a contraction of complex multi-layer tensor networks. We utilize the multi-layer structure of these tensor networks to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-08-21 Illia Lukin , Andrii Sotnikov

An important problem in quantum information theory is to understand what makes entangled quantum systems non-local or hard to simulate efficiently. In this work we consider situations in which various parties have access to a restricted set…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-19 Hussain Anwar , Sania Jevtic , Oliver Rudolph , Shashank Virmani

Recent work has shown that for one-dimensional quantum states that can be effectively approximated by matrix product operators (MPOs), a polynomial number of copies of the state suffices for reconstruction. Compared to MPOs in one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Zhen Qin , Zhihui Zhu

We demonstrate that projected entangled-pair states (PEPS) are able to represent ground states of critical, fermionic systems exhibiting both 1d and 0d Fermi surfaces on a 2D lattice with an efficient scaling of the bond dimension.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-11-17 Quinten Mortier , Norbert Schuch , Frank Verstraete , Jutho Haegeman

We present an improved version of the algorithm contracting and optimizing finite projected entangled pair states (fPEPS) in conjunction with projected entangled pair operators (PEPOs). Our work has two components to it. First, we explain…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-04 Markus Scheb

Two dimensional tensor networks such as projected entangled pairs states (PEPS) are generally hard to contract. This is arguably the main reason why variational tensor network methods in 2D are still not as successful as in 1D. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-07 Anurag Anshu , Itai Arad , Aditya Jain

Simulating strongly-correlated quantum many-body systems at finite temperatures is a significant challenge in computational physics. In this work, we present a scalable finite-temperature tensor network algorithm for two-dimensional quantum…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-09-10 Meng Zhang , Hao Zhang , Chao Wang , Lixin He

The 1-form symmetry, manifesting as loop-like symmetries, has gained prominence in the study of quantum phases, deepening our understanding of symmetry. However, the role of 1-form symmetries in Projected Entangled-Pair States (PEPS),…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-08-02 Yi Tan , Ji-Yao Chen , Didier Poilblanc , Fei Ye , Jia-Wei Mei

Strongly correlated layered 2D systems are of central importance in condensed matter physics, but their numerical study is very challenging. Motivated by the enormous successes of tensor networks for 1D and 2D systems, we develop an…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-04-05 Patrick C. G. Vlaar , Philippe Corboz

The projected entangled pair states (PEPS) methods have been proved to be powerful tools to solve the strongly correlated quantum many-body problems in two-dimension. However, due to the high computational scaling with the virtual bond…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-31 Wen-Yuan Liu , Shao-Jun Dong , Yong-Jian Han , Guang-Can Guo , Lixin He

An efficient algorithm is constructed for contracting two-dimensional tensor networks under periodic boundary conditions. The central ingredient is a novel renormalization step that scales linearly with system size, i.e. from $L \to L+1$.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-04-17 Gleb Fedorovich , Lukas Devos , Jutho Haegeman , Laurens Vanderstraeten , Frank Verstraete , Atsushi Ueda

The Minimally Entangled Typical Thermal States (METTS) are an ensemble of pure states, equivalent to the Gibbs thermal state, that can be efficiently represented by tensor networks. In this article, we use the Projected Entangled Pair…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-25 Aritra Sinha , Marek M. Rams , Jacek Dziarmaga