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Related papers: Specificity measures and reference

200 papers

Human decision making can be challenging to predict because decisions are affected by a number of complex factors. Adding to this complexity, decision-making processes can differ considerably between individuals, and methods aimed at…

Should prediction models always deliver a prediction? In the pursuit of maximum predictive performance, critical considerations of reliability and fairness are often overshadowed, particularly when it comes to the role of uncertainty.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Anna Sokol , Nuno Moniz , Nitesh Chawla

To improve the problem that the parameter identification for fuzzy neural network has many time complexities in calculating, an improved T-S fuzzy inference method and an parameter identification method for fuzzy neural network are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-12-30 Chol Man Ho , Son Il Gwak , Song Ho Pak , Jong Won Ha

Similarity measure is a very important topic in fuzzy set theory. Torra (2010) proposed the notion of hesitant fuzzy set(HFS), which is a generalization of the notion of Zadeh' fuzzy set. In this paper, some new similarity measures for HFSs…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-12-27 Xiaoqiang Zhou , Qingguo Li

Modeling fuzziness and imprecision in human rating data is a crucial problem in many research areas, including applied statistics, behavioral, social, and health sciences. Because of the interplay between cognitive, affective, and…

Applications · Statistics 2022-01-27 Antonio Calcagnì , Niccolò Cao , Enrico Rubaltelli , Luigi Lombardi

Assessing an AI system's behavior-particularly in Explainable AI Systems-is sometimes done empirically, by measuring people's abilities to predict the agent's next move-but how to perform such measurements? In empirical studies with humans,…

This paper proposes new nonparametric diagnostic tools to assess the asymptotic validity of different treatment effects estimators that rely on the correct specification of the propensity score. We derive a particular restriction relating…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-11 Pedro H. C. Sant'Anna , Xiaojun Song

Feature selection is a vital technique in machine learning, as it can reduce computational complexity, improve model performance, and mitigate the risk of overfitting. However, the increasing complexity and dimensionality of datasets pose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Yuepeng Chen , Weiping Ding , Hengrong Ju , Jiashuang Huang , Tao Yin

This contribution reviews critically the existing entropy measures for probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets (PHFSs), and demonstrates that these entropy measures fail to effectively distinguish a variety of different PHFSs in some cases. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Bahram Farhadinia , Uwe Aickelin , Hadi Akbarzadeh Khorshidi

The majority of automatic metrics for evaluating NLG systems are reference-based. However, the challenge of collecting human annotation results in a lack of reliable references in numerous application scenarios. Despite recent advancements…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Shuqian Sheng , Yi Xu , Luoyi Fu , Jiaxin Ding , Lei Zhou , Xinbing Wang , Chenghu Zhou

Automatic machine translation metrics typically rely on human translations to determine the quality of system translations. Common wisdom in the field dictates that the human references should be of very high quality. However, there are no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Vilém Zouhar , Ondřej Bojar

Humans frequently use referring (identifying) expressions to refer to objects. Especially in ambiguous settings, humans prefer expressions (called relational referring expressions) that describe an object with respect to a distinguishing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Hazan Anayurt , Sezai Artun Ozyegin , Ulfet Cetin , Utku Aktas , Sinan Kalkan

In dealing with veracity of data analytics, fuzzy methods are more and more relying on probabilistic and statistical techniques to underpin their applicability. Conversely, standard statistical models usually disregard to take into account…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-23 Elvira Di Nardo , Rosaria Simone

A confidence measure is able to estimate the reliability of an hypothesis provided by a machine translation system. The problem of confidence measure can be seen as a process of testing : we want to decide whether the most probable sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2009-02-09 Sylvain Raybaud , Caroline Lavecchia , David Langlois , Kamel Smaïli

In response to everyday queries, humans explicitly signal uncertainty and offer alternative answers when they are unsure. Machine learning models that output calibrated prediction sets through conformal prediction mimic this human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Jesse C. Cresswell , Yi Sui , Bhargava Kumar , Noël Vouitsis

Vulnerable software represents a tremendous threat to modern information systems. Vulnerabilities in widespread applications may be used to spread malware, steal money and conduct target attacks. To address this problem, developers and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Maksim Shudrak , Vyacheslav Zolotarev

While bibliometrics are widely used for research evaluation purposes, a common theoretical framework for conceptually understanding, empirically studying, and effectively teaching its usage is lacking. In this paper, we outline such a…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Lutz Bornmann , Julian N. Marewski

Automatic evaluation comparing candidate translations to human-generated paraphrases of reference translations has recently been proposed by Freitag et al. When used in place of original references, the paraphrased versions produce metric…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Markus Freitag , George Foster , David Grangier , Colin Cherry

Expressive evaluation metrics are indispensable for informative experiments in all areas, and while several metrics are established in some areas, in others, such as feature selection, only indirect or otherwise limited evaluation metrics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Muhammad Rajabinasab , Anton D. Lautrup , Tobias Hyrup , Arthur Zimek

Humans often communicate by using imprecise language, suggesting that fuzzy concepts with unclear boundaries are prevalent in language use. In this paper, we test the extent to which models trained to capture the distributional statistics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Kanishka Misra , Julia Taylor Rayz