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We prove that any $n$-vertex graph whose complement is triangle-free contains $n^2/12-o(n^2)$ edge-disjoint triangles. This is tight for the disjoint union of two cliques of order $n/2$. We also prove a corresponding stability theorem, that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-27 Mykhaylo Tyomkyn

In this paper we prove that for every $s\geq 2$ and every graph $H$ the following holds. Let $G$ be a graph with average degree $\Omega_H(s^{C|H|^2})$, for some absolute constant $C>0$, then $G$ either contains a $K_{s,s}$ or an induced…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-18 António Girão , Zach Hunter

We prove that for every tree $T$ which is not an edge, for almost every graph $G$ which does not contain $T$ as an induced subgraph, $V(G)$ has a partition into $\alpha(T)-1$ parts certifying this fact. Each part induces a graph which is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Bruce Reed , Yelena Yuditsky

A graph $G$ is {\em perfectly divisible} if, for each induced subgraph $H$ of $G$, $V(H)$ can be partitioned into $A$ and $B$ such that $H[A]$ is perfect and $\omega(H[B])<\omega(H)$. A {\em bull} is a graph consisting of a triangle with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Ran Chen , Paras Vinubhai Maniya , Di Wu , Junran Yu

We provide an upper bound to the number of graph homomorphisms from $G$ to $H$, where $H$ is a fixed graph with certain properties, and $G$ varies over all $N$-vertex, $d$-regular graphs. This result generalizes a recently resolved…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-26 Yufei Zhao

A classical vertex Ramsey result due to Ne\v{s}et\v{r}il and R\"odl states that given a finite family of graphs $\mathcal{F}$, a graph $A$ and a positive integer $r$, if every graph $B\in\mathcal{F}$ has a $2$-vertex-connected subgraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-10 Sahar Diskin , Ilay Hoshen , Michael Krivelevich , Maksim Zhukovskii

Given an $(r + 1)$-chromatic graph $H$, the fundamental edge stability result of Erd\H{o}s and Simonovits says that all $n$-vertex $H$-free graphs have at most $(1 - 1/r + o(1)) \binom{n}{2}$ edges, and any $H$-free graph with that many…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Freddie Illingworth

Given a graph $H$, a graph $G$ is $H$-free if $G$ does not contain $H$ as an induced subgraph. Shi and Shan conjectured that every $1$-tough $2k$-connected $(P_2 \cup kP_1)$-free graph is hamiltonian for $k \geq 4$. This conjecture has been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Feng Liu

We prove that for each integer $r\geq 2$, there exists a constant $C_r>0$ with the following property: for any $0<\varepsilon \leq 1/2$ and any graph $G$ with clique number at most $r,$ there is a partition of $V(G)$ into at most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-02 António Girão , Toby Insley

Let $n, s$ be positive integers such that $n$ is sufficiently large and $s\le n/3$. Suppose $H$ is a 3-uniform hypergraph of order $n$. If $H$ contains no isolated vertex and $deg(u)+ deg(v) > 2(s-1)(n-1)$ for any two vertices $u$ and $v$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-24 Yi Zhang , Yi Zhao , Mei Lu

For a sequence $(H_i)_{i=1}^k$ of graphs, let $\textrm{nim}(n;H_1,\ldots, H_k)$ denote the maximum number of edges not contained in any monochromatic copy of $H_i$ in colour $i$, for any colour $i$, over all $k$-edge-colourings of~$K_n$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-11 Hong Liu , Oleg Pikhurko , Maryam Sharifzadeh

For a class $\mathcal{G}$ of graphs, the problem SUBGRAPH COMPLEMENT TO $\mathcal{G}$ asks whether one can find a subset $S$ of vertices of the input graph $G$ such that complementing the subgraph induced by $S$ in $G$ results in a graph in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Dhanyamol Antony , Jay Garchar , Sagartanu Pal , R. B. Sandeep , Sagnik Sen , R. Subashini

Given graphs $G$ and $H$, $G$ is $H$-saturated if $H$ is not a subgraph of $G$, but for all $e \notin E(G)$, $H$ appears as a subgraph of $G + e$. While for every $n \ge |V(H)|$, there exists an $n$-vertex graph that is $H$-saturated, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-10 Sarah Behrens , Catherine Erbes , Michael Santana , Derrek Yager , Elyse Yeager

In this paper we study the fundamental problem of finding small dense subgraphs in a given graph. For a real number $s>2$, we prove that every graph on $n$ vertices with average degree at least $d$ contains a subgraph of average degree at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-11 Oliver Janzer , Benny Sudakov , István Tomon

We denote by $\text{ex}(n, H, F)$ the maximum number of copies of $H$ in an $n$-vertex graph that does not contain $F$ as a subgraph. Recently, Grzesik, Gy\H{o}ri, Salia, Tompkins considered conditions on $H$ under which $\text{ex}(n, H,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-01 Eng Keat Hng , Domenico Mergoni Cecchelli

For graphs $G$ and $H$, let $G\to (H,H)$ signify that any red/blue edge coloring of $G$ contains a monochromatic $H$ as a subgraph, and $\mathcal{H}(\Delta,n)=\{H:|V(H)|=n,\Delta(H)\le \Delta\}$. For fixed $\Delta$ and $n$, we say that $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-10 Qizhong Lin , Yusheng Li

Let $G$ be a graph on $n\geq 3$ vertices, claw the bipartite graph $K_{1,3}$, and $Z_i$ the graph obtained from a triangle by attaching a path of length $i$ to its one vertex. $G$ is called 1-heavy if at least one end vertex of each induced…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-07 Bo Ning , Bing Chen , Shenggui Zhang

We consider Colouring on graphs that are $H$-subgraph-free for some fixed graph $H$, which are graphs that do not contain $H$ as a subgraph. To classify the complexity of Colouring on $H$-subgraph-free graphs for connected $H$, it remains…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Tala Eagling-Vose , Jorik Jooken , Felicia Lucke , Barnaby Martin , Daniël Paulusma

A cograph is a simple graph which contains no path on 4 vertices as an induced subgraph. We consider the eigenvalues of adjacency matrices of cographs and prove that a graph $G$ is a cograph if and only if no induced subgraph of $G$ has an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-01 Ebrahim Ghorbani

A subgraph $H$ of a multigraph $G$ is overfull if $ |E(H) | > \Delta(G) \lfloor |V(H)|/2 \rfloor$. Analogous to the Overfull Conjecture proposed by Chetwynd and Hilton in 1986, Stiebitz et al. in 2012 formed the multigraph version of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-13 Michael J. Plantholt , Songling Shan