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This paper proposes the first known to us open source hardware and software iris recognition system with presentation attack detection (PAD), which can be easily assembled for about 75 USD using Raspberry Pi board and a few peripherals. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Zhaoyuan Fang , Adam Czajka

Research in presentation attack detection (PAD) for iris recognition has largely moved beyond evaluation in "closed-set" scenarios, to emphasize ability to generalize to presentation attack types not present in the training data. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Aidan Boyd , Jeremy Speth , Lucas Parzianello , Kevin Bowyer , Adam Czajka

An iris recognition system is vulnerable to presentation attacks, or PAs, where an adversary presents artifacts such as printed eyes, plastic eyes, or cosmetic contact lenses to circumvent the system. In this work, we propose an effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Renu Sharma , Arun Ross

This paper presents a deep-learning-based method for iris presentation attack detection (PAD) when iris images are obtained from deceased people. Our approach is based on the VGG-16 architecture fine-tuned with a database of 574…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Mateusz Trokielewicz , Adam Czajka , Piotr Maciejewicz

Foundation models are becoming increasingly popular due to their strong generalization capabilities resulting from being trained on huge datasets. These generalization capabilities are attractive in areas such as NIR Iris Presentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Juan E. Tapia , Lázaro Janier González-Soler , Christoph Busch

Diversity and unpredictability of artifacts potentially presented to an iris sensor calls for presentation attack detection methods that are agnostic to specificity of presentation attack instruments. This paper proposes a method that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Zhaoyuan Fang , Adam Czajka , Kevin W. Bowyer

Launched in 2013, LivDet-Iris is an international competition series open to academia and industry with the aim to assess and report advances in iris Presentation Attack Detection (PAD). This paper presents results from the fourth…

This paper proposes a framework for a privacy-safe iris presentation attack detection (PAD) method, designed solely with synthetically-generated, identity-leakage-free iris images. Once trained, the method is evaluated in a classical way…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Mahsa Mitcheff , Patrick Tinsley , Adam Czajka

The adoption of large-scale iris recognition systems around the world has brought to light the importance of detecting presentation attack images (textured contact lenses and printouts). This work presents a new approach in iris…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Andrey Kuehlkamp , Allan Pinto , Anderson Rocha , Kevin Bowyer , Adam Czajka

Iris presentation attack detection (PAD) plays a vital role in iris recognition systems. Most existing CNN-based iris PAD solutions 1) perform only binary label supervision during the training of CNNs, serving global information learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Meiling Fang , Naser Damer , Fadi Boutros , Florian Kirchbuchner , Arjan Kuijper

Iris recognition technology has attracted an increasing interest in the last decades in which we have witnessed a migration from research laboratories to real world applications. The deployment of this technology raises questions about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Aythami Morales , Julian Fierrez , Javier Galbally , Marta Gomez-Barrero

Presentation attacks are posing major challenges to most of the biometric modalities. Iris recognition, which is considered as one of the most accurate biometric modality for person identification, has also been shown to be vulnerable to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Mehak Gupta , Vishal Singh , Akshay Agarwal , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

Iris recognition is widely recognized as one of the most accurate biometric modalities. However, its growing deployment in real-world applications raises significant concerns regarding its vulnerability to Presentation Attacks (PAs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Raghavendra Ramachandra , Sushma Venkatesh

Human perceptual priors have shown promise in saliency-guided deep learning training, particularly in the domain of iris presentation attack detection (PAD). Common saliency approaches include hand annotations obtained via mouse clicks and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Byron Dowling , Jacob Piland , Eleanor Frederick , Christopher Sweet , Adam Czajka

Iris Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) is essential to secure iris recognition systems. Recent iris PAD solutions achieved good performance by leveraging deep learning techniques. However, most results were reported under intra-database…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Meiling Fang , Fadi Boutros , Naser Damer

This paper describes the results of the 2023 edition of the ''LivDet'' series of iris presentation attack detection (PAD) competitions. New elements in this fifth competition include (1) GAN-generated iris images as a category of…

We propose a new iris presentation attack detection method using three-dimensional features of an observed iris region estimated by photometric stereo. Our implementation uses a pair of iris images acquired by a common commercial iris…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Adam Czajka , Zhaoyuan Fang , Kevin W. Bowyer

Iris pattern recognition has significantly improved the biometric authentication field due to its high stability and uniqueness. Such physical characteristics have played an essential role in security and other related areas. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Juan Tapia , Sebastian Gonzalez , Christoph Busch

Vision foundation models have demonstrated strong transferability across diverse visual recognition tasks and are increasingly considered for biometric applications. Their suitability for iris Presentation Attack Detection (PAD),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Rahul Anand , Siddharth Singh , Dileep A D , Mahadeva Prasanna , Raghavendra Ramachandra

Iris recognition systems are vulnerable to the presentation attacks, such as textured contact lenses or printed images. In this paper, we propose a lightweight framework to detect iris presentation attacks by extracting multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Meiling Fang , Naser Damer , Florian Kirchbuchner , Arjan Kuijper
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