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Tailored topological stabilizer codes in two dimensions have been shown to exhibit high storage threshold error rates and improved subthreshold performance under biased Pauli noise. Three-dimensional (3D) topological codes can allow for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-22 Eric Huang , Arthur Pesah , Christopher T. Chubb , Michael Vasmer , Arpit Dua

We study exact decoding for the toric code and for planar and rotated surface codes under the standard independent \(X/Z\) noise model, focusing on Separate Minimum Weight (SMW) decoding and Separate Most Likely Coset (SMLC) decoding. For…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Louay Bazzi

Topological quantum error correction codes are currently among the most promising candidates for efficiently dealing with the decoherence effects inherently present in quantum devices. Numerically, their theoretical error threshold can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-13 Ruben S. Andrist , Helmut G. Katzgraber , H. Bombin , M. A. Martin-Delgado

Recently, a class of fractal surface codes (FSCs), has been constructed on fractal lattices with Hausdorff dimension $2+\epsilon$, which admits a fault-tolerant non-Clifford CCZ gate. We investigate the performance of such FSCs as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-27 Arpit Dua , Tomas Jochym-O'Connor , Guanyu Zhu

We propose a unifying paradigm for analyzing and constructing topological quantum error correcting codes as dynamical circuits of geometrically local channels and measurements. To this end, we relate such circuits to discrete fixed-point…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-27 Andreas Bauer

Describing complex phenomena by means of cellular automata (CA) has shown to be a very effective approach in pure and applied sciences. In fact, the number of published papers concerning this topic has tremendously increased over the last…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2012-06-13 Luan Carlos de Sena Monteiro Ozelim , André Luís Brasil Cavalcante , Lucas Parreira de Faria Borges

A quantum computer needs the assistance of a classical algorithm to detect and identify errors that affect encoded quantum information. At this interface of classical and quantum computing the technique of machine learning has appeared as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-15 P. Baireuther , M. D. Caio , B. Criger , C. W. J. Beenakker , T. E. O'Brien

Quantum error correction is an essential ingredient for reliable quantum computation for theoretically provable quantum speedup. Topological color codes, one of the quantum error correction codes, have an advantage against the surface codes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Yugo Takada , Yusaku Takeuchi , Keisuke Fujii

Two-dimensional color codes are a promising candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computing, as they have high encoding rates, transversal implementation of logical Clifford gates, and resource-efficient magic state preparation schemes.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-29 Seok-Hyung Lee , Andrew Li , Stephen D. Bartlett

The color code is a topological quantum error-correcting code supporting a variety of valuable fault-tolerant logical gates. Its two-dimensional version, the triangular color code, may soon be realized with currently available…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Christopher Chamberland , Aleksander Kubica , Theodore J. Yoder , Guanyu Zhu

This paper presents a classification of Cellular Automata rules based on its properties at the nth iteration. Elaborate computer program has been designed to get the nth iteration for arbitrary 1-D or 2-D CA rules. Studies indicate that the…

We refine an old idea for performing fault-tolerant error correction in topological codes by simulating confining interactions between excitations. We implement confinement using an array of local classical processors that measure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Ethan Lake

Topological quantum codes are intrinsically fault-tolerant to local noise, and underlie the theory of topological phases of matter. We explore geometry to enhance the performance of topological quantum codes by rotating the four dimensional…

The usual belief propagation (BP) decoders are, in general, exchanging local information on the Tanner graph of the quantum error-correcting (QEC) code and, in particular, are known to not have a threshold for the surface code. We propose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Pedro Hack , Luca Menti , Francisco Lazaro , Alexandru Paler

To respect physics and nature, cellular automata (CA) models of self-organisation, emergence, computation and logical universality should be isotropic, having equivalent dynamics in all directions. We present a novel paradigm, the iso-rule,…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2021-07-14 Andrew Wuensche , José Manuel Gómez Soto

We prove the existence of a semilinear representation of Cellular Automata (CA) with the introduction of multiple convolution kernels. Examples of the technique are presented for rules akin to the "edge-of-chaos" including the Turing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-21 Theophanes E. Raptis

We study the synchronization of totalistic one dimensional cellular automata (CA). The CA with a non zero synchronization threshold exhibit complex non periodic space time patterns and conversely. This synchronization transition is related…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Franco Bagnoli , Raul Rechtman

We construct toric codes on various high-dimensional manifolds. Assuming a conjecture in geometry we find families of quantum CSS stabilizer codes on $N$ qubits with logarithmic weight stabilizers and distance $N^{1-\epsilon}$ for any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-19 M. B. Hastings

The topological color code and the toric code are two leading candidates for realizing fault-tolerant quantum computation. Here we show that the color code on a $d$-dimensional closed manifold is equivalent to multiple decoupled copies of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-02 Aleksander Kubica , Beni Yoshida , Fernando Pastawski

We introduce several concepts such as prime and composite rule, tools and methods for causal composition and decomposition. We discover and prove new universality results in ECA, namely, that the Boolean composition of ECA rules 51 and 118,…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2018-02-27 Jürgen Riedel , Hector Zenil