Related papers: Conditional work statistics of quantum measurement…
Suppose a quantum system starts to evolve under a Hamiltonian from some initial state. When for the first time, will an observable attain a preassigned value? To answer this question, one method often adopted is to make instantaneous…
We investigate the conditional average and the conditional variance of dissipated energy considering, as a prototypical example, a driven spin-boson system. We follow a measurement protocol in which the spin is prepared in a certain initial…
The definition of heat in quantum mechanics is ambiguous. Complications arise in particular when the coupling between a quantum system and a thermal environment is non-negligible, as the boundary between the two becomes blurred, making the…
For quantum systems with competing potentials, the conventional perturbation theory often yields an asymptotic series and the subsequent numerical outcome becomes uncertain. To tackle such kind of problems, we develop a general solution…
It is usual in introductory courses of mechanics to develop the work and energy formalism from Newton's laws. On the other hand, literature analyzes the way in which forces transform under a change of reference frame. Notwithstanding, no…
A key concept in quantum thermodynamics is extractable work, which specifies the maximum amount of work that can be extracted from a quantum system. Different quantities are used to measure extractable work, the most prevalent of which are…
Currently, dynamics of a massive macroparticle is given by classical analytical mechanics (CM), while that of a massive micro one is given by quantum mechanics (QM). We propose a mechanics effective for both: We transform, under coordinate…
Researchers are often interested in treatment effects on outcomes that are only defined conditional on a post-treatment event status. For example, in a study of the effect of different cancer treatments on quality of life at end of…
Hamiltonian operators are gauge dependent. For overcome this difficulty we reexamined the effect of a gauge transformation on Schr\"odinger and Dirac equations. We show that the gauge invariance of the operator…
For a system to qualify as a quantum fluid, quantum-statistical effects should operate in addition to quantum-mechanical ones. Here, we address the hitherto unexplored dynamical condition for the quantum-statistical effects to be…
The well-known formal analogy between time and absolute temperature, existing on the quantum level, is considered as a profound duality relationship requiring some modifications in the conventional quantum dynamics. They consist of tiny…
We provide a characterization of energy in the form of exchanged heat and work between two interacting constituents of a closed, bipartite, correlated quantum system. By defining a binding energy we derive a consistent quantum formulation…
A fundamental prediction of quantum theory that is derived from the "projection postulate" is that under continuous measurement, the state of a system traces out a "quantum trajectory" in time that depends upon its measurement record, and…
Given the evolution of an arbitrary open quantum system, we formulate a general and unambiguous method to separate the internal energy change of the system into an entropy-related contribution and a part causing no entropy change,…
Conversion of chemical energy into mechanical work is the fundamental mechanism of several natural phenomena at the nanoscale, like molecular machines and Brownian motors. Quantum mechanical effects are relevant for optimising these…
This paper considers work extraction from a quantum system to a work storage system (or weight) following reference [1]. An alternative approach is here developed that relies on the comparison of subspace dimensions without a need to…
In quantum physics the term `contextual' can be used in more than one way. One usage, here called `Bell contextual' since the idea goes back to Bell, is that if $A$, $B$ and $C$ are three quantum observables, with $A$ compatible (i.e.,…
We derive the fluctuation theorem for quantum-state statistics that can be obtained when we initially measure the total energy of a quantum system at thermal equilibrium, let the system evolve unitarily, and record the quantum-state data…
Quantum mechanics contains some strange unphysical concepts. Among these are complex numbers, Hilbert spaces with their unitary and self-adjoint operators, states represented by complex vectors, superpositions of states, collapse of wave…
A genuine feature of projective quantum measurements is that they inevitably alter the mean energy of the observed system if the measured quantity does not commute with the Hamiltonian. Compared to the classical case, Jacobs proved that…