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Anonymity networks are providing practical mechanisms to protect its users against censorship by hiding their identity and information content. The best-known anonymity network, The Onion Routing (Tor) network, is however subject to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Anna Engelmann , Admela Jukan

Anonymous communication systems are subject to selective denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. Selective DoS attacks lower anonymity as they force paths to be rebuilt multiple times to ensure delivery which increases the opportunity for more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Anupam Das , Nikita Borisov

The Tor network provides users with strong anonymity by routing their internet traffic through multiple relays. While Tor encrypts traffic and hides IP addresses, it remains vulnerable to traffic analysis attacks such as the website…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yuwen Cui , Guangjing Wang , Khanh Vu , Kai Wei , Kehan Shen , Zhengyuan Jiang , Xiao Han , Ning Wang , Zhuo Lu , Yao Liu

This article provides a quantitative analysis of privacy-compromising mechanisms on 1 million popular websites. Findings indicate that nearly 9 in 10 websites leak user data to parties of which the user is likely unaware; more than 6 in 10…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-11-03 Timothy Libert

Online anonymity and privacy has been based on confusing the adversary by creating indistinguishable network elements. Tor is the largest and most widely deployed anonymity system, designed against realistic modern adversaries. Recently,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-13 George Kadianakis , Theodoros Polyzos , Mike Perry , Kostas Chatzikokolakis

Anonymity systems such as Tor aim to enable users to communicate in a manner that is untraceable by adversaries that control a small number of machines. To provide efficient service to users, these anonymity systems make full use of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Prateek Mittal , Ahmed Khurshid , Joshua Juen , Matthew Caesar , Nikita Borisov

Tor is the most popular anonymous communication overlay network which hides clients' identities from servers by passing packets through multiple relays. To provide anonymity to both clients and servers, Tor onion services were introduced by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Md Washik Al Azad , Hasniuj Zahan , Sifat Ut Taki , Spyridon Mastorakis

The Tor network is the most prominent system for providing anonymous communication to web users, with a daily user base of 2 million users. However, since its inception, it has been constantly targeted by various traffic fingerprinting and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Christoph Sendner , Jasper Stang , Alexandra Dmitrienko , Raveen Wijewickrama , Murtuza Jadliwala

The architectures of deployed anonymity systems such as Tor suffer from two key problems that limit user's trust in these systems. First, paths for anonymous communication are built without considering trust relationships between users and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-09-03 Prateek Mittal , Matthew Wright , Nikita Borisov

Mobile devices have access to personal, potentially sensitive data, and there is a large number of mobile applications and third-party libraries that transmit this information over the network to remote servers (including app developer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Evita Bakopoulou , Anastasia Shuba , Athina Markopoulou

Some BitTorrent users are running BitTorrent on top of Tor to preserve their privacy. In this extended abstract, we discuss three different attacks to reveal the IP address of BitTorrent users on top of Tor. In addition, we exploit the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-04-09 Stevens Le Blond , Pere Manils , Abdelberi Chaabane , Mohamed Ali Kaafar , Arnaud Legout , Claude Castellucia , Walid Dabbous

The Tor anonymity system provides online privacy for millions of users, but it is slower than typical web browsing. To improve Tor performance, we propose PredicTor, a path selection technique that uses a Random Forest classifier trained on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Armon Barton , Mohsen Imani , Jiang Ming , Matthew Wright

Parallel to our physical activities our virtual presence also leaves behind our unique digital fingerprints, while navigating on the Internet. These digital fingerprints have the potential to unveil users' activities encompassing browsing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Blerim Rexha , Arbena Musa , Kamer Vishi , Edlira Martiri

Tor is vulnerable to network-level adversaries who can observe both ends of the communication to deanonymize users. Recent work has shown that Tor is susceptible to the previously unknown active BGP routing attacks, called RAPTOR attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-04-07 Yixin Sun , Anne Edmundson , Nick Feamster , Mung Chiang , Prateek Mittal

User-generated content sites routinely block contributions from users of privacy-enhancing proxies like Tor because of a perception that proxies are a source of vandalism, spam, and abuse. Although these blocks might be effective,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Chau Tran , Kaylea Champion , Andrea Forte , Benjamin Mako Hill , Rachel Greenstadt

Growth in technology has resulted in the large-scale collection and processing of Personally Identifiable Information by organizations that run digital services such as websites, which led to the emergence of new legislation to regulate PII…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Abdirahman Mohamed , Christopher Dare , Ayobami Esther Olanrewaju , Mercyleen Tanui , Fonyuy Boris Lami

Anonymity networks hide user identities with the help of relayed anonymity routers. However, the state-of-the-art anonymity networks do not provide an effective trust model. As a result, users cannot circumvent malicious or vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-01-22 Peng Zhou , Xiapu Luo , Ang Chen , Rocky K. C. Chang

Sharing or publishing social network data while accounting for privacy of individuals is a difficult task due to the interconnectedness of nodes in networks. A key question in k-anonymity, a widely studied notion of privacy, is how to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Rachel G. de Jong , Mark P. J. van der Loo , Frank W. Takes

Tor is a widely used anonymity network that conceals user identities by routing traffic through encrypted relays, yet it remains vulnerable to traffic correlation attacks that deanonymize users by matching patterns in ingress and egress…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Binghui Wu , Dinil Mon Divakaran , Levente Csikor , Mohan Gurusamy

One of the main challenges faced by a user today is protecting their privacy, especially during widespread surveil- lance. This led to the development of privacy infrastructures whose main purpose is to guarantee users privacy. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-12-20 Nethra Balasubramanian