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We consider the problem of finding small prime gaps in various sets of integers $\mathcal{C}$. Following the work of Goldston-Pintz-Yildirim, we will consider collections of natural numbers that are well-controlled in arithmetic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-15 Jacques Benatar

A set of integers greater than 1 is primitive if no element divides another. Erd\H{o}s proved in 1935 that the sum of $1/(n \log n)$ for $n$ running over a primitive set $A$ is universally bounded over all choices for $A$. In 1988 he asked…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-01 Tsz Ho Chan , Jared Duker Lichtman , Carl Pomerance

Most prime gaps results have been proven using tools from analytic or algebraic number theory in the last few centuries. In this paper, we would like to present some probabilistic way of proving many essential results. A major component of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-21 Buxin Su

We show that the existence of arithmetic progressions with few primes, with a quantitative bound on "few", implies the existence of larger gaps between primes less than x than is currently known unconditionally. In particular, we derive…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-05 Kevin Ford

A set of natural numbers is primitive if no element of the set divides another. Erd\H{o}s conjectured that if S is any primitive set, then \sum_{n\in S} 1/(n log n) \le \sum_{n\in \P} 1/(p log p), where \P denotes the set of primes. In this…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-01-08 William D. Banks , Greg Martin

B. Green and T. Tao have recently proved that 'the set of primes contains arbitrary long arithmetic progressions', answering to an old question with a remarkably simple formulation. The proof does not use any "transcendental" method and any…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bernard Host

We introduce a new probabilistic model of the primes consisting of integers that survive the sieving process when a random residue class is selected for every prime modulus below a specific bound. From a rigorous analysis of this model, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-13 William Banks , Kevin Ford , Terence Tao

An improved upper bound is obtained for the density of sequences of positive integers that contain no k-term geometric progression.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-01-03 Melvyn B. Nathanson , Kevin O'Bryant

A set of integers is primitive if no number in the set divides another. We introduce a new method for bounding Erd\H{o}s sums of primitive sets, suggested from output of GPT-5.4 Pro, based on Markov chains with von Mangoldt weights. The…

We prove that a positive proportion of the gaps between consecutive primes are short gaps of length less than any fixed fraction of the average spacing between primes.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-03-22 D. A. Goldston , J. Pintz , C. Y. Yildirim

We consider primitive divisors of terms of integer sequences defined by quadratic polynomials. Apart from some small counterexamples, when a term has a primitive divisor, that primitive divisor is unique. It seems likely that the number of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-05-28 G. Everest , S. Stevens , D. Tamsett , T. Ward

A famous conjecture of Artin states that there are infinitely many prime numbers for which a fixed integer $g$ is a primitive root, provided $g \neq -1$ and $g$ is not a perfect square. Thanks to work of Hooley, we know that this conjecture…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-04-16 Lee Troupe

An overview of the results of new exhaustive computations of gaps between primes in arithmetic progressions is presented. We also give new numerical results for exceptionally large least primes in arithmetic progressions.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-06 Martin Raab

Various authors, including McNew, Nathanson and O'Bryant, have recently studied the maximal asymptotic density of a geometric progression free sequence of positive integers. In this paper we prove the existence of geometric progression free…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-19 Xiaoyu He

A geometric-arithmetic progression of primes is a set of $k$ primes (denoted by GAP-$k$) of the form $p_1 r^j + j d$ for fixed $p_1$, $r$ and $d$ and consecutive $j$, {\it i.e}, $\{p_1, \, p_1 r + d, \, p_1 r^2 + 2 d, \, p_1 r^3 + 3 d,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-15 Sameen Ahmed Khan

The distribution of prime constellations, such as Twin Primes ($p, p+2$), is traditionally analyzed via probabilistic models or analytic sieve theory. While heuristic predictions are accurate, rigorous proofs are obstructed by the "Parity…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Alexander Caicedo , Julio C. Ramos-Fernández

ABSTRACT. In this article we present a point of view that highlights the importance of finding the upper bounds for prime gaps, in order to solve the twin primes conjecture and the Goldbach conjecture. For this purpose, we present a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-02-19 Andrea Berdondini

Let $p$ be a prime. If an integer $g$ generates a subgroup of index $t$ in $(\mathbb Z/p\mathbb Z)^*,$ then we say that $g$ is a $t$-near primitive root modulo $p$. We point out the easy result that each primitive residue class contains a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-13 Pieter Moree , Min Sha

Consider the set of all natural numbers that are co-prime to primes less than or equal to a given prime. Then given a consecutive pair of numbers in that set with an arbitrary even gap, we prove there exists an unbounded number of actual…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-11-18 John K Sellers

A set is primitive if no element of the set divides another. We consider primitive sets of monic polynomials over a finite field and find natural generalizations of many of the results known for primitive sets of integers. In particular we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-28 Andrés Gómez-Colunga , Charlotte Kavaler , Nathan McNew , Mirilla Zhu
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