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The disk surface density of the nearby spiral galaxy M33 is estimated assuming that it is marginally stable against gravitational perturbations. For this purpose we used the radial profile of line-of-sight velocity dispersion of the disk…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-29 A. S. Saburova , A. V. Zasov

We have monitored the Neptune-mass exoplanet-hosting M-dwarf Gl 581 with the 1m Swope Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory over two predicted transit epochs. A neutral density filter centered at 550nm was used during the first epoch,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Mercedes Lopez-Morales , Nidia I. Morrell , R. Paul Butler , Sara Seager

This note describes an effort to detect additional stellar sources in known transiting exoplanet (TEP) systems, which are unresolved or barely resolved in the Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) catalogue. The presence of multiple unresolved stars in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-01 Daniel Evans

Ultra-short Period exoplanets (USPs) like 55 Cnc e, hosting dayside magma oceans, present unique opportunities to study surface-atmosphere interactions. The composition of a vaporised mineral atmosphere enveloping the dayside is dictated by…

Statistical studies of exoplanets and the properties of their host stars have been critical to informing models of planet formation. Numerous trends have arisen in particular from the rich Kepler dataset, including that exoplanets are more…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-04 Jonah T. Hansen , Luca Casagrande , Michael J. Ireland , Jane Lin

Exoplanet mass and radius inferences fundamentally rely on host star mass and radius inferences. Despite the importance of host star mass, radius, and elemental abundance inferences for the derivation of exoplanet internal structure…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-25 Alejandra Ross , Henrique Reggiani , Kevin C. Schlaufman , Mykhaylo Plotnykov , Diana Valencia

The Kepler Mission has discovered thousands of planets with radii $<4\ R_\oplus$, paving the way for the first statistical studies of the dynamics, formation, and evolution of these sub-Neptunes and super-Earths. Planetary masses are an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-06 Angie Wolfgang , Leslie A. Rogers , Eric B. Ford

Extrasolar planetary transits are powerful tools to probe their atmosphere and to extract key physical properties of planets, like their mean densities, chemical compositions, or atmospheric structures. Every 3.5 days, the transits of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-10-30 J. M. Desert , A. Vidal-Madjar , A. Lecavelier des Etangs , G. Hebrard , R. Ferlet

With hundreds of exoplanets detected, it is necessary to revisit giant planets accretion models to explain their mass distribution. In particular, formation of sub-jovian planets remains unclear, given the short timescale for the runaway…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Guillaume Rivier , Aurélien Crida , Alessandro Morbidelli , Yann Brouet

The formation and evolution of ultra-short-period (USP) planets is poorly understood. However, it is widely thought that these planets migrated inwards through interactions with outer neighbours. We aim to confirm and characterise the USP…

Static structure models, which map mass-radius constraints to bulk planet composition, are frequently used to categorise exoplanets due to their computational efficiency and the high-level insight they offer into planetary properties.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-20 Harrison Nicholls , Oliver Shorttle , Tim Lichtenberg , Flavia Pascal

Accurate mass and radius measurements of small transiting exoplanets are essential for probing their compositions, formation histories, and potential habitability. We present a uniform analysis of six planetary systems (each hosting at…

Exoplanets that reside close to their host stars, and therefore receive substantial amounts of X-ray and ultraviolet radiation, are prone to suffer from strong atmospheric escape. This can lead to the creation of an envelope of escaping gas…

We present very sensitive polarimetry of 55 Cnc and tau Boo in an attempt to detect the partially polarised reflected light from the planets orbiting these two stars. 55 Cnc is orbited by a hot Neptune planet (55 Cnc e) at 0.038 AU, a hot…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 P. W. Lucas , J. H. Hough , J. A. Bailey , M. Tamura , E. Hirst , D. Harrison

Several models have been introduced in order to explain the radius distribution in exoplanet radii observed by Fulton et al. (2017) with one peak at $\rm \sim 1.3 R_{\oplus} $ the other at $\rm \sim 2.4 R_{\oplus} $ and the minimum at $\rm…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-17 Darius Modirrousta-Galian , Daniele Locci , Giuseppina Micela

We applied our earlier numerical method to compute the thermal emission from a dusty resonant structure around Vega and compared the new observational evidence for a ring arc at 95 AU near Vega with our modeling. Our high resolution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Gorkavyi , T. Taidakova

Knowledge of both the mass and radius of an exoplanet allows us to estimate its mean density, and therefore its composition. Exoplanets seem to fill a very large parameter space in terms of mass and composition, and unlike the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Ravit Helled , Morris Podolak , Eran Vos

Methods used to detect giant exoplanets can be broadly divided into two categories: indirect and direct. Indirect methods are more sensitive to planets with a small orbital period, whereas direct detection is more sensitive to planets…

We present I and B photometry of five distinct transits of the exoplanet OGLE-TR-10b. By modeling the light curves, we find the planetary radius to be R_P = 1.06 +/- 0.08 R_Jup and the stellar radius to be R_S = 1.10 +/- 0.07 R_sun. The…

The atmospheres of exoplanets reveal all their properties beyond mass, radius, and orbit. Based on bulk densities, we know that exoplanets larger than 1.5 Earth radii must have gaseous envelopes, hence atmospheres. We discuss contemporary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-04 Drake Deming , Sara Seager