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A spanner of a graph is a subgraph that preserves lengths of shortest paths up to a multiplicative distortion. For every $k$, a spanner with size $O(n^{1+1/k})$ and stretch $(2k+1)$ can be constructed by a simple centralized greedy…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Rubi Arviv , Lily Chung , Reut Levi , Edward Pyne

Quadratic form reduction and lattice reduction are fundamental tools in computational number theory and in computer science, especially in cryptography. The celebrated Lenstra-Lenstra-Lov\'asz reduction algorithm (so-called LLL) has been…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Thomas Espitau , Antoine Joux

This paper proves that a wide class of local search algorithms extend as is to the fully dynamic setting with an adaptive adversary, achieving an amortized $\tilde{O}(1)$ number of local-search steps per update. A breakthrough by Moser…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Bernhard Haeupler , Slobodan Mitrović , Srikkanth Ramachandran , Wen-Horng Sheu , Robert Tarjan

The famous Lovasz Local Lemma [EL75] is a powerful tool to non-constructively prove the existence of combinatorial objects meeting a prescribed collection of criteria. Kratochvil et al. applied this technique to prove that a k-CNF in which…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-09-15 Robin A. Moser

We give a fast algorithm for sampling uniform solutions of general constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) in a local lemma regime. Suppose that the CSP has $n$ variables with domain size at most q, each constraint contains at most k…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Kun He , Chunyang Wang , Yitong Yin

We present new lower bounds for the size of perfect and separating hash families ensuring their existence. Such new bounds are based on the algorithmic Cluster expansion improved version of the Lov\'asz Local Lemma, which also implies that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-12 Aldo Procacci , Remy Sanchis

A nonconstructive proof can be used to prove the existence of an object with some properties without providing an explicit example of such an object. A special case is a probabilistic proof where we show that an object with required…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-10-29 Andrei Rumyantsev , Alexander Shen

In this paper we introduce a new approach for approximately counting in bounded degree systems with higher-order constraints. Our main result is an algorithm to approximately count the number of solutions to a CNF formula $\Phi$ when the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Ankur Moitra

A frustration-free local Hamiltonian has the property that its ground state minimises the energy of all local terms simultaneously. In general, even deciding whether a Hamiltonian is frustration-free is a hard task, as it is closely related…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-15 András Gilyén , Or Sattath

Layered Cellular Automata (LCA) extends the concept of traditional cellular automata (CA) to model complex systems and phenomena. In LCA, each cell's next state is determined by the interaction of two layers of computation, allowing for…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2023-08-15 Abhishek Dalai

We introduce a generalized Spiking Locally Competitive Algorithm (LCA) that is biologically plausible and exhibits adaptability to a large variety of neuron models and network connectivity structures. In addition, we provide theoretical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-08 Xuexing Du , Zhong-qi K. Tian , Songting Li , Douglas Zhou

Lenstra-Lenstra-Lovasz (LLL) algorithm, which is one of the lattice reduction (LR) techniques, has been extensively used to obtain better basis of the channel matrix. In this paper, we jointly apply Seysen's lattice reduction algorithm…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-01-06 HongSun An , Manar Mohaisen , KyungHi Chang

Complex bases, along with direct-sums defined by rings of imaginary quadratic integers, induce algebraic lattices. In this work, we study such lattices and their reduction algorithms. Firstly, when the lattice is spanned over a two…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Shanxiang Lyu , Christian Porter , Cong Ling

We give a generalisation of the Lenstra-Lenstra-Lov\'asz (LLL) lattice-reduction algorithm that is valid for an arbitrary (split, semisimple) reductive group $G$. This can be regarded as `lattice reduction with symmetries'. We make this…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-03 Beth Romano , Jack A. Thorne

Lorentz Local Canonicalization (LLoCa) ensures exact Lorentz-equivariance for arbitrary neural networks with minimal computational overhead. For the LHC, it equivariantly predicts local reference frames for each particle and propagates…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-11 Luigi Favaro , Gerrit Gerhartz , Fred A. Hamprecht , Peter Lippmann , Sebastian Pitz , Tilman Plehn , Huilin Qu , Jonas Spinner

This paper introduces the notion of Constrained Locating Arrays (CLAs), mathematical objects which can be used for fault localization in software testing. CLAs extend ordinary locating arrays to make them applicable to testing of systems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Hao Jin , Tatsuhiro Tsuchiya

Recently Rubinfeld et al. (ICS 2011, pp. 223--238) proposed a new model of sublinear algorithms called \emph{local computation algorithms}. In this model, a computation problem $F$ may have more than one legal solution and each of them…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-12-01 Noga Alon , Ronitt Rubinfeld , Shai Vardi , Ning Xie

By relaxing conditions for natural structure learning algorithms, a family of constraint-based algorithms containing all exact structure learning algorithms under the faithfulness assumption, we define localised natural structure learning…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-28 Kai Z Teh , Kayvan Sadeghi , Terry Soo

We illustrate the use of probability theory in existential proofs, focusing on the Lov\'asz Local Lemma. This result gives a lower bound for the probability of avoiding a suitable finite collection of events. We describe some applications…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-25 Irfan Alam

Large language models (LLMs) face significant challenges in processing long contexts due to the linear growth of the key-value (KV) cache and quadratic complexity of self-attention. Existing approaches address these bottlenecks separately:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zeng You , Yaofo Chen , Qiuwu Chen , Ying Sun , Shuhai Zhang , Yingjian Li , Yaowei Wang , Mingkui Tan