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Existing protocols for benchmarking current quantum co-processors fail to meet the usual standards for assessing the performance of High-Performance-Computing platforms. After a synthetic review of these protocols -- whether at the gate,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-27 Simon Martiel , Thomas Ayral , Cyril Allouche

Current technological advancements of quantum computers highlight the need for application-driven, practical and well-defined methods of benchmarking their performance. As the existing NISQ device's quality of two-qubit gate errors rate is…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Krzysztof Kurowski , Piotr Rydlichowski , Konrad Wojciechowski , Tomasz Pecyna , Mateusz Slysz

Fault-tolerant quantum error correction (QEC) is crucial for unlocking the true power of quantum computers. QEC codes use multiple physical qubits to encode a logical qubit, which is protected against errors at the physical qubit level.…

The quantum computer algorithm by Peter Shor for factorization of integers is studied. The quantum nature of a QC makes its outcome random. The output probability distribution is investigated and the chances of a successful operation is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Göran Einarsson

Quantum computing systems need to be benchmarked in terms of practical tasks they would be expected to do. Here, we propose 3 "application-motivated" circuit classes for benchmarking: deep (relevant for state preparation in the variational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Daniel Mills , Seyon Sivarajah , Travis L. Scholten , Ross Duncan

We develop a layered quantum computer architecture, which is a systematic framework for tackling the individual challenges of developing a quantum computer while constructing a cohesive device design. We discuss many of the prominent…

The objective of this paper concerns at first the motivation and the method of Shor's algorithm including an excursion into quantum mechanics and quantum computing introducing an algorithmic description of the method. The corner stone of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Gérard Fleury , Philippe Lacomme

A quantum processor (QuP) can be used to exploit quantum mechanics to find the prime factors of composite numbers[1]. Compiled versions of Shor's algorithm have been demonstrated on ensemble quantum systems[2] and photonic systems[3-5],…

We formulate and numerically simulate the single control qubit Shor algorithm for the case of static imperfections induced by residual couplings between qubits. This allows us to study the accuracy of Shor's algorithm with respect to these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-15 Ignacio Garcia-Mata , Klaus M. Frahm , Dima L. Shepelyansky

The assumed computationally difficulty of factoring large integers forms the basis of security for RSA public-key cryptography, which specifically relies on products of two large primes or semi-primes. The best-known factoring algorithms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Michele Mosca , Sebastian R. Verschoor

Quantum computers can execute algorithms that sometimes dramatically outperform classical computation. Undoubtedly the best-known example of this is Shor's discovery of an efficient quantum algorithm for factoring integers, whereas the same…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-23 Wim van Dam , Yoshitaka Sasaki

As quantum computing enters the cloud era, thousands of users must share access to a small number of quantum processors. Users need to wait minutes to days to start their jobs, which only takes a few seconds for execution. Current quantum…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-10 John Zhuoyang Ye , Jiyuan Wang , Yifan Qiao , Jens Palsberg

We detail techniques to optimise high-level classical simulations of Shor's quantum factoring algorithm. Chief among these is to examine the entangling properties of the circuit and to effectively map it across the one-dimensional structure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-28 Aidan Dang , Charles D. Hill , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

The states needed in a quantum computation are extremely affected by decoherence. Several methods have been proposed to control error spreading. They use two main tools: fault-tolerant constructions and concatenated quantum error correcting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pedro J. Salas , Angel L. Sanz

Recent advances in quantum computing have significantly accelerated research into quantum-assisted information retrieval and recommender systems, particularly in solving feature selection problems by formulating them as Quadratic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Jiayang Niu , Qihan Zou , Jie Li , Ke Deng , Mark Sanderson , Yongli Ren

We report a proof-of-concept demonstration of a quantum order-finding algorithm for factoring the integer 21. Our demonstration involves the use of a compiled version of the quantum phase estimation routine, and builds upon a previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-20 Unathi Skosana , Mark Tame

Quantum computing is a winsome field that concerns with the behaviour and nature of energy at the quantum level to improve the efficiency of computations. In recent years, quantum computation is receiving much attention for its capability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-26 Amandeep Singh Bhatia , Ajay Kumar

Usual scenarios of fault-tolerant computation are concerned with the fault-tolerant realization of quantum algorithms that compute classical functions, such as Shor's algorithm for factoring. In particular, this means that input and output…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Matthias Christandl , Omar Fawzi , Ashutosh Goswami

While quantum computers promise to solve some scientifically and commercially valuable problems thought intractable for classical machines, delivering on this promise will require a large-scale quantum machine. Understanding the impact of…

Noise and errors are inevitable parts of any practical implementation of a quantum computer. As a result, large-scale quantum computation will require ways to detect and correct errors on quantum information. Here, we present such a quantum…

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