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A novel, model free, approach to experimental closed-loop flow control is implemented on a separated flow. Feedback control laws are generated using genetic programming where they are optimized using replication, mutation and cross-over of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-19 Nicolas Gautier , Thomas Duriez , Jean-Luc Aider , Bernd Noack , Marc Segond , Markus Abel

Flow control aims at modifying a natural flow state to reach an other flow state considered as advantageous. In this paper, active feedback flow separation control is investigated with two different closed-loop control strategies, involving…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-22 T. Arnoult , G. Acher , V. Nowinski , P. Vuillemin , C. Briat , P. Pernod , C. Ghouila-Houri , A. Talbi , E. Garnier , C. Poussot-Vassal

This paper addresses the problem of obtaining low-order models of fluid flows for the purpose of designing robust feedback controllers. This is challenging since whilst many flows are governed by a set of nonlinear, partial…

The aim of this study is to discover new active-flow-control (AFC) techniques for separation mitigation in a two-dimensional NACA 0012 airfoil at a Reynolds number of 3000. To find these AFC strategies, a framework consisting of a…

This study investigates the effectiveness of Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) for active flow control over a NACA 4412 airfoil near static stall at Reynolds number 4*10^5. By systematically evaluating these…

We systematically investigated a reinforcement learning (RL)-based closed-loop active flow control strategy to enhance the lift-to-drag ratio of a wing section with an NLF(1)-0115 airfoil at an angle of attack 5 degree. The effects of key…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-05-09 Qiong Liu , Luis Javier Trujillo Corona , Fangjun Shu , Andreas Gross

We train active neural-network flow controllers using a deep learning PDE augmentation method to optimize lift-to-drag ratios in turbulent airfoil flows at Reynolds number $5\times10^4$ and Mach number 0.4. Direct numerical simulation and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-10-09 Xuemin Liu , Tom Hickling , Jonathan F. MacArt

The ability to manipulate and control fluid flows is of great importance in many scientific and engineering applications. Here, a cluster-based control framework is proposed to determine optimal control laws with respect to a cost function…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-02-18 Eurika Kaiser , Bernd R. Noack , Andreas Spohn , Louis N. Cattafesta , Marek Morzynski

A variational technique is used to derive analytical expressions for the sensitivity of recirculation length to steady forcing in separated flows. Linear sensitivity analysis is applied to the two-dimensional steady flow past a circular…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2014-10-03 E. Boujo , F. Gallaire

The present paper numerically investigates flow control over NACA0021 (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) airfoil by applying a leading-edge tubercle as a passive flow control device at transitional Reynolds number (Re) regime.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-08-25 Alok Mishra , Ashoke De

We carried out high-resolution large-eddy simulations (LESs) to investigate the effects of several separation-control approaches on a NACA4412 wing section with spanwise width of $L_z = 0.6$ at an angle of attack of $AoA=11^{\circ}$ at a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-25 Yuning Wang , Fermin Mallor , Carlos Guardiola , Raffaello Mariani , Ricardo Vinuesa

We propose, analyze, and investigate numerically a novel feedback control strategy for high Reynolds number flows. For both the continuous and the discrete (finite element) settings, we prove that the new strategy yields accurate results…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-11 Maria Strazzullo , Francesco Ballarin , Traian Iliescu , Claudio Canuto

Reinforcement learning is employed to optimize the periodic forcing signal of a pulsed blowing system that controls flow separation in a fully-turbulent $Re_\theta = 1000$ diffuser flow. Based on the state of the wind tunnel experiment that…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-12-11 Alexandra Müller , Tobias Schesny , Ben Steinfurth , Julien Weiss

We combine three-dimensional (3D) large-eddy simulations (LES) and resolvent analysis to design active separation control techniques on a NACA 0012 airfoil. Spanwise-periodic flows over the airfoil at a chord-based Reynolds number of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-05-01 Chi-An Yeh , Kunihiko Taira

We propose a self-supervised cluster-based hierarchical reduced-order modelling methodology to model and analyse the complex dynamics arising from a sequence of bifurcations for a two-dimensional incompressible flow of the unforced fluidic…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-02-02 Nan Deng , Bernd R. Noack , Marek Morzyński , Luc R. Pastur

This study explores the use of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) for active flow control (AFC) to reduce flow separation on wings at high angles of attack. Concretely, here the DRL agent controls the flow over the three-dimensional NACA0012…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-15 R. Montalà , B. Font , P. Suárez , J. Rabault , O. Lehmkuhl , R. Vinuesa , I. Rodriguez

We propose a general model-free strategy for feedback control design of turbulent flows. This strategy called 'machine learning control' (MLC) is capable of exploiting nonlinear mechanisms in a systematic unsupervised manner. It relies on…

A comparative assessment of machine learning (ML) methods for active flow control is performed. The chosen benchmark problem is the drag reduction of a two-dimensional K\'arm\'an vortex street past a circular cylinder at a low Reynolds…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-04-25 R. Castellanos , G. Y. Cornejo Maceda , I. de la Fuente , B. R. Noack , A. Ianiro , S. Discetti

This study investigates active flow control in two-dimensional flows at a Reynolds number of 100 using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). We utilize DRL to develop flow control strategies that enhance energy efficiency and minimize energy…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-07-22 Wang Jia , Hang Xu

Unsteady aerodynamic models are necessary to accurately simulate forces and develop feedback controllers for wings in agile motion; however, these models are often high dimensional or incompatible with modern control techniques. Recently,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-18 Steven L. Brunton , Scott T. M. Dawson , Clarence W. Rowley
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