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Spoken language understanding (SLU) acts as a critical component in goal-oriented dialog systems. It typically involves identifying the speakers intent and extracting semantic slots from user utterances, which are known as intent detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Mengyang Chen , Jin Zeng , Jie Lou

We present a comprehensive study on building and adapting RNN transducer (RNN-T) models for spoken language understanding(SLU). These end-to-end (E2E) models are constructed in three practical settings: a case where verbatim transcripts are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Samuel Thomas , Hong-Kwang J. Kuo , George Saon , Zoltán Tüske , Brian Kingsbury , Gakuto Kurata , Zvi Kons , Ron Hoory

Current research in dialogue systems is focused on conversational assistants working on short conversations in either task-oriented or open domain settings. In this paper, we focus on improving task-based conversational assistants online,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Ruijie Zhou , Soham Deshmukh , Jeremiah Greer , Charles Lee

The surge of state-of-the-art Transformer-based models has undoubtedly pushed the limits of NLP model performance, excelling in a variety of tasks. We cast the spotlight on the underexplored task of Natural Language Inference (NLI), since…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Alexandros Koulakos , Maria Lymperaiou , Giorgos Filandrianos , Giorgos Stamou

This article introduces semantically meaningful causal language modeling (SMCLM), a selfsupervised method of training autoregressive models to generate semantically equivalent text. Our approach involves using semantically meaningful text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Michał Perełkiewicz , Sławomir Dadas , Rafał Poświata

Paraphrase generation has benefited extensively from recent progress in the designing of training objectives and model architectures. However, previous explorations have largely focused on supervised methods, which require a large amount of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Tong Niu , Semih Yavuz , Yingbo Zhou , Nitish Shirish Keskar , Huan Wang , Caiming Xiong

Despite the promising results of current cross-lingual models for spoken language understanding systems, they still suffer from imperfect cross-lingual representation alignments between the source and target languages, which makes the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Zihan Liu , Genta Indra Winata , Peng Xu , Zhaojiang Lin , Pascale Fung

Many real-world applications involve the use of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) engines to transform handwritten images into transcripts on which downstream Natural Language Processing (NLP) models are applied. In this process, OCR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Guowei Xu , Wenbiao Ding , Weiping Fu , Zhongqin Wu , Zitao Liu

Typical spoken language understanding systems provide narrow semantic parses using a domain-specific ontology. The parses contain intents and slots that are directly consumed by downstream domain applications. In this work we discuss…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Sanchit Agarwal , Rahul Goel , Tagyoung Chung , Abhishek Sethi , Arindam Mandal , Spyros Matsoukas

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) is a task that aims to extract semantic information from spoken utterances. Previous research has made progress in end-to-end SLU by using paired speech-text data, such as pre-trained Automatic Speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Guan-Wei Wu , Guan-Ting Lin , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and its variations such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), have become standard building blocks for learning online data of sequential nature in many research areas, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Enmao Diao , Jie Ding , Vahid Tarokh

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently emerged as powerful tools for autoformalization. Despite their impressive performance, these models can still struggle to produce grounded and verifiable formalizations. Recent work in text-to-SQL,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Hayden Moore , Asfahan Shah

Retrieval-Augmented Language Models (RALMs) face significant challenges in reducing factual errors, particularly in document relevance evaluation and knowledge integration. We introduce a framework for structured relevance assessment that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Aryan Raj , Astitva Veer Garg , Anitha D

Recent natural language processing (NLP) techniques have accomplished high performance on benchmark datasets, primarily due to the significant improvement in the performance of deep learning. The advances in the research community have led…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Marwan Omar , Soohyeon Choi , DaeHun Nyang , David Mohaisen

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are the state of the art in sequence modeling for natural language. However, it remains poorly understood what grammatical characteristics of natural language they implicitly learn and represent as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Richard Futrell , Ethan Wilcox , Takashi Morita , Roger Levy

Most language understanding models in task-oriented dialog systems are trained on a small amount of annotated training data, and evaluated in a small set from the same distribution. However, these models can lead to system failure or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Jiexi Liu , Ryuichi Takanobu , Jiaxin Wen , Dazhen Wan , Hongguang Li , Weiran Nie , Cheng Li , Wei Peng , Minlie Huang

Continual learning has emerged as an increasingly important challenge across various tasks, including Spoken Language Understanding (SLU). In SLU, its objective is to effectively handle the emergence of new concepts and evolving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Muqiao Yang , Xiang Li , Umberto Cappellazzo , Shinji Watanabe , Bhiksha Raj

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate text by transferring style attributes like formality resulting in formal or informal text. However, instructing LLMs to generate text that when spoken, is more intelligible in an acoustically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Anupama Chingacham , Miaoran Zhang , Vera Demberg , Dietrich Klakow

This study presents a novel model for invertible sentence embeddings using a residual recurrent network trained on an unsupervised encoding task. Rather than the probabilistic outputs common to neural machine translation models, our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Jeremy Wilkerson

Modeling the structure of coherent texts is a key NLP problem. The task of coherently organizing a given set of sentences has been commonly used to build and evaluate models that understand such structure. We propose an end-to-end…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-25 Lajanugen Logeswaran , Honglak Lee , Dragomir Radev