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This paper provides a selective review of the statistical network analysis literature focused on clustering and inference problems for stochastic blockmodels and their variants. We survey asymptotic normality results for stochastic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-24 Joshua Agterberg , Joshua Cape

Over the past two decades, considerable strides have been made in advancing neuroscientific techniques, yet challenges remain in attributing causality to observed associations. This review addresses a fundamental issue in observational…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-04 Eric W. Bridgeford , Brian S. Caffo , Maya B. Mathur , Russell A. Poldrack

Bayesian probability theory is used to analyze the oft-made assumption that humans are typical observers in the universe. Some theoretical calculations make the {\it selection fallacy} that we are randomly chosen from a class of objects by…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 James B. Hartle , Mark Srednicki

Meta-analysis is an important tool for combining results from multiple studies and has been widely used in evidence-based medicine for several decades. This paper reports, for the first time, an interesting and valuable paradox in…

Applications · Statistics 2019-05-15 Jiandong Shi , Aimin Wu , Tiejun Tong

Conventional survival analysis approaches estimate risk scores or individualized time-to-event distributions conditioned on covariates. In practice, there is often great population-level phenotypic heterogeneity, resulting from (unknown)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-03 Paidamoyo Chapfuwa , Chunyuan Li , Nikhil Mehta , Lawrence Carin , Ricardo Henao

This thesis scrutinizes common assumptions underlying traditional machine learning approaches to fairness in consequential decision making. After challenging the validity of these assumptions in real-world applications, we propose ways to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Niki Kilbertus

This paper offers a comprehensive introduction to Bayesian inference, combining historical context, theoretical foundations, and core analytical examples. Beginning with Bayes' theorem and the philosophical distinctions between Bayesian and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-08 Juan Sosa , Carlos A. Martínez , Danna Cruz

Reverse causality is a common causal misperception that distorts the evaluation of private actions and public policies. This paper explores the implications of this error when a decision maker acts on it and therefore affects the very…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2021-10-26 Ran Spiegler

Accurate assessment of adverse event (AE) incidence is critical in clinical cancer research for drug safety evaluation and regulatory approval. While meta-analysis serves as an essential tool to comprehensively synthesize the evidence…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-11 Zihan Zhou , Zizhong Tian , Christine B. Peterson , Le Bao , Shouhao Zhou

Over the past few decades, statistical methods for causal inference have made impressive strides, enabling progress across a range of scientific fields. However, much of this methodological development has been confined to individual…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-30 Wenqi Shi , José R. Zubizarreta

Bayesian analyses are often performed using so-called noninformative priors, with a view to achieving objective inference about unknown parameters on which available data depends. Noninformative priors depend on the relationship of the data…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-08-14 Nicholas Lewis

The aim of this comment (set to appear in a formal discussion in JASA) is to draw out some conclusions from an extended back-and-forth I have had with Wang and Blei regarding the deconfounder method proposed in "The Blessings of Multiple…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-18 Alexander D'Amour

Theoretical and applied research into privacy encompasses an incredibly broad swathe of differing approaches, emphasis and aims. This work introduces a new quantitative notion of privacy that is both contextual and specific. We argue that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Cameron Bell , Timothy Johnston , Antoine Luciano , Christian P Robert

In recent years, data science has become an indispensable part of our society. Over time, we have become reliant on this technology because of its opportunity to gain value and new insights from data in any field - business, socializing,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Dinh-An Ho , Oya Beyan

Many scholars have called for raising statistical hurdles to guard against false discoveries in academic publications. I show these calls may be difficult to justify empirically. Published data exhibit bias: results that fail to meet…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-04-09 Andrew Y. Chen

Transparency is an essential requirement of machine learning based decision making systems that are deployed in real world. Often, transparency of a given system is achieved by providing explanations of the behavior and predictions of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-18 André Artelt , Barbara Hammer

The CLAS Collaboration has published an analysis using Bayesian model selection. My Comment criticizing their use of arbitrary prior probability density functions, and a Reply by D.G. Ireland and D. Protopopsecu, have now been published as…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-08-23 Robert D. Cousins

This paper presents a Bayesian framework for assessing the adequacy of a model without the necessity of explicitly enumerating a specific alternate model. A test statistic is developed for tracking the performance of the model across…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-25 Kathryn Blackmond Laskey

Bayesian analysis is increasingly popular for use in social science and other application areas where the data are observations from an informative sample. An informative sampling design leads to inclusion probabilities that are correlated…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-07 Terrance D. Savitsky , Daniell Toth
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