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Online learning to rank (ONL2R) is a foundational problem for recommender systems and has received increasing attention in recent years. Among the existing approaches for ONL2R, a natural modeling architecture is the multi-armed bandit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Tianchen Zhou , Jia Liu , Yang Jiao , Chaosheng Dong , Yetian Chen , Yan Gao , Yi Sun

Ranking is at the core of many artificial intelligence (AI) applications, including search engines, recommender systems, etc. Modern ranking systems are often constructed with learning-to-rank (LTR) models built from user behavior signals.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Tao Yang , Cuize Han , Chen Luo , Parth Gupta , Jeff M. Phillips , Qingyao Ai

News recommendation is important for improving news reading experience of users. Users' news click behaviors are widely used for inferring user interests and predicting future clicks. However, click behaviors are heavily affected by the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Chuhan Wu , Fangzhao Wu , Yongfeng Huang

Uplift modeling has effectively been used in fields such as marketing and customer retention, to target those customers that are most likely to respond due to the campaign or treatment. Uplift models produce uplift scores which are then…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Floris Devriendt , Tias Guns , Wouter Verbeke

Recommender systems rely on user behavior data like ratings and clicks to build personalization model. However, the collected data is observational rather than experimental, causing various biases in the data which significantly affect the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Jiawei Chen , Hande Dong , Yang Qiu , Xiangnan He , Xin Xin , Liang Chen , Guli Lin , Keping Yang

Learning contrastive representations from pairwise comparisons has achieved remarkable success in various fields, such as natural language processing, computer vision, and information retrieval. Collaborative filtering algorithms based on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Bin Liu , Qin Luo , Bang Wang

As machine learning algorithms are increasingly deployed for high-impact automated decision making, ethical and increasingly also legal standards demand that they treat all individuals fairly, without discrimination based on their age,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Maarten Buyl , Tijl De Bie

The unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) problem has been greatly advanced by recent deep learning techniques and well-designed debias algorithms. However, promising results on the existing benchmark datasets may not be extended to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Lixin Zou , Haitao Mao , Xiaokai Chu , Jiliang Tang , Wenwen Ye , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin

Datasets often contain biases which unfairly disadvantage certain groups, and classifiers trained on such datasets can inherit these biases. In this paper, we provide a mathematical formulation of how this bias can arise. We do so by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-16 Heinrich Jiang , Ofir Nachum

Learning to rank is a rare technology compared with other techniques such as deep neural networks. The number of experts in the field is roughly 1/6 of the number of professionals in deep learning. Being an effective ranking methodology,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Hao Wang

Besides position bias, which has been well-studied, trust bias is another type of bias prevalent in user interactions with rankings: users are more likely to click incorrectly w.r.t. their preferences on highly ranked items because they…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Ali Vardasbi , Harrie Oosterhuis , Maarten de Rijke

LLM-based listwise passage reranking has attracted attention for its effectiveness in ranking candidate passages. However, these models suffer from positional bias, where passages positioned towards the end of the input are less likely to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jingfen Qiao , Jin Huang , Xinyu Ma , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Evangelos Kanoulas , Andrew Yates

Position bias is a critical problem in information retrieval when dealing with implicit yet biased user feedback data. Unbiased ranking methods typically rely on causality models and debias the user feedback through inverse propensity…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Jiarui Jin , Yuchen Fang , Weinan Zhang , Kan Ren , Guorui Zhou , Jian Xu , Yong Yu , Jun Wang , Xiaoqiang Zhu , Kun Gai

Listwise ranking losses have been widely studied in recommender systems. However, new paradigms of content consumption present new challenges for ranking methods. In this work we contribute an analysis of learning to rank for personalized…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Yuguang Yue , Yuanpu Xie , Huasen Wu , Haofeng Jia , Shaodan Zhai , Wenzhe Shi , Jonathan J Hunt

Existing algorithms aiming to learn a binary classifier from positive (P) and unlabeled (U) data generally require estimating the class prior or label noises ahead of building a classification model. However, the estimation and classifier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Tianyu Li , Chien-Chih Wang , Yukun Ma , Patricia Ortal , Qifang Zhao , Bjorn Stenger , Yu Hirate

Learning-to-Rank (LTR) is a supervised machine learning approach that constructs models specifically designed to order a set of items or documents based on their relevance or importance to a given query or context. Despite significant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Camilo Gomez , Pengyang Wang , Yanjie Fu

Implicit feedback (e.g., click, dwell time) is an attractive source of training data for Learning-to-Rank, but its naive use leads to learning results that are distorted by presentation bias. For the special case of optimizing average rank…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Aman Agarwal , Kenta Takatsu , Ivan Zaitsev , Thorsten Joachims

Ranked search results have become the main mechanism by which we find content, products, places, and people online. Thus their ordering contributes not only to the satisfaction of the searcher, but also to career and business opportunities,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Meike Zehlike , Carlos Castillo

Recent empirical works have successfully used unlabeled data to learn feature representations that are broadly useful in downstream classification tasks. Several of these methods are reminiscent of the well-known word2vec embedding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Sanjeev Arora , Hrishikesh Khandeparkar , Mikhail Khodak , Orestis Plevrakis , Nikunj Saunshi

Traditional ranking systems optimize offline proxy objectives that rely on oversimplified assumptions about user behavior, often neglecting factors such as position bias and item diversity. Consequently, these models fail to improve true…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Gaurav Bhatt , Kiran Koshy Thekumparampil , Tanmay Gangwani , Tesi Xiao , Leonid Sigal