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Trusted executions environments (TEEs) such as Intel(R) SGX provide hardware-isolated execution areas in memory, called enclaves. By running only the most trusted application components in the enclave, TEEs enable developers to minimize the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Marcela S. Melara , Michael J. Freedman , Mic Bowman

Since its debut, SGX has been used in many applications, e.g., secure data processing. However, previous systems usually assume a trusted enclave and ignore the security issues caused by an untrusted enclave. For instance, a vulnerable (or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Yuan Chen , Jiaqi Li , Guorui Xu , Yajin Zhou , Zhi Wang , Cong Wang , Kui Ren

Heterogeneous collaborative computing with NPU and CPU has received widespread attention due to its substantial performance benefits. To ensure data confidentiality and integrity during computing, Trusted Execution Environments (TEE) is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Husheng Han , Xinyao Zheng , Yuanbo Wen , Yifan Hao , Erhu Feng , Ling Liang , Jianan Mu , Xiaqing Li , Tianyun Ma , Pengwei Jin , Xinkai Song , Zidong Du , Qi Guo , Xing Hu

Confidential computing is a security paradigm that enables the protection of confidential code and data in a co-tenanted cloud deployment using specialized hardware isolation units called Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs). By…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Abhiroop Sarkar , Alejandro Russo

A smart contract on a blockchain cannot keep a secret because its data is replicated on all nodes in a network. To remedy this problem, it has been suggested to combine blockchains with trusted execution environments (TEEs), such as Intel…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Marcus Brandenburger , Christian Cachin , Rüdiger Kapitza , Alessandro Sorniotti

Besides Intel's SGX technology, there are long-running discussions on how trusted computing technologies can be used to cloak malware. Past research showed example methods of malicious activities utilising Flicker, Trusted Platform Module,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Kubilay Ahmet Küçük , Steve Moyle , Andrew Martin , Alexandru Mereacre , Nicholas Allott

Hardware-based Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in cloud computing, forming the basis for confidential computing. However, the security goals of TEEs sometimes conflict with existing cloud…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Yoshimichi Nakatsuka , Ercan Ozturk , Alex Shamis , Andrew Paverd , Peter Pietzuch

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) have emerged as a cornerstone for securing sensitive computations by providing isolated enclaves protected from untrusted software. However, their security guarantees are undermined by vulnerabilities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Saltanat Firdous Allaqband , Deepanjali S , Rohit Srinivas R G , Devashish Gosain , Chester Rebeiro

Intel's Software Guard Extensions (SGX) introduced new instructions to switch the processor to enclave mode which protects it from introspection. While the enclave mode strongly protects the memory and the state of the processor, it cannot…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Tobias Cloosters , Michael Rodler , Lucas Davi

As an emerging technique for confidential computing, trusted execution environment (TEE) receives a lot of attention. To better develop, deploy, and run secure applications on a TEE platform such as Intel's SGX, both academic and industrial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Weijie Liu , Hongbo Chen , XiaoFeng Wang , Zhi Li , Danfeng Zhang , Wenhao Wang , Haixu Tang

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs), such as Intel Software Guard eXtensions (SGX), are considered as a promising approach to resolve security challenges in clouds. TEEs protect the confidentiality and integrity of application code and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Robert Krahn , Donald Dragoti , Franz Gregor , Do Le Quoc , Valerio Schiavoni , Pascal Felber , Clenimar Souza , Andrey Brito , Christof Fetzer

The latest generation of Intel processors supports Software Guard Extensions (SGX), a set of instructions that implements a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) right inside the CPU, by means of so-called enclaves. This paper presents…

Performance · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Sébastien Vaucher , Valerio Schiavoni , Pascal Felber

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs), such as Intel's Software Guard Extensions (SGX), are increasingly being adopted to address trust and compliance issues in the public cloud. Intel SGX's second generation (SGXv2) addresses many…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Adrian Lutsch , Muhammad El-Hindi , Matthias Heinrich , Daniel Ritter , Zsolt István , Carsten Binnig

Hardware-enclaves that target complex CPU designs compromise both security and performance. Programs have little control over micro-architecture, which leads to side-channel leaks, and then have to be transformed to have worst-case control-…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Sarbartha Banerjee , Prakash Ramrakhyani , Shijia Wei , Mohit Tiwari

The ever-rising computation demand is forcing the move from the CPU to heterogeneous specialized hardware, which is readily available across modern datacenters through disaggregated infrastructure. On the other hand, trusted execution…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Moritz Schneider , Aritra Dhar , Ivan Puddu , Kari Kostiainen , Srdjan Capkun

Recommenders are central in many applications today. The most effective recommendation schemes, such as those based on collaborative filtering (CF), exploit similarities between user profiles to make recommendations, but potentially expose…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Akash Dhasade , Nevena Dresevic , Anne-Marie Kermarrec , Rafael Pires

Protection of data-in-use is a key priority, for which Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) technology has unarguably emerged as a, possibly the most, promising solution. Multiple server-side TEE offerings have been released over the years,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Luigi Coppolino , Salvatore D'Antonio , Davide Iasio , Giovanni Mazzeo , Luigi Romano

The growth of cloud computing has revolutionized data processing and storage capacities to another levels of scalability and flexibility. But in the process, it has created a huge challenge of security, especially in terms of safeguarding…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Dhruv Deepak Agarwal , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

Decentralized smart contracts enable trustless collaboration but suffer from limited privacy and scalability, which hinders broader adoption. Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) based off-chain execution frameworks offer a promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Keyu Zhang , Andrew Martin

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) suffer from performance issues when executing certain management instructions, such as creating an enclave, context switching in and out of protected mode, and swapping cached pages. This is especially…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-15 James Choncholas , Ketan Bhardwaj , Ada Gavrilovska