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Low-dimensional embeddings are a cornerstone in the modelling and analysis of complex networks. However, most existing approaches for mining network embedding spaces rely on computationally intensive machine learning systems to facilitate…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Alexandros Xenos , Noel-Malod Dognin , Natasa Przulj

Static word embeddings that represent words by a single vector cannot capture the variability of word meaning in different linguistic and extralinguistic contexts. Building on prior work on contextualized and dynamic word embeddings, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Valentin Hofmann , Janet B. Pierrehumbert , Hinrich Schütze

Though language model text embeddings have revolutionized NLP research, their ability to capture high-level semantic information, such as relations between entities in text, is limited. In this paper, we propose a novel contrastive learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Christos Theodoropoulos , James Henderson , Andrei C. Coman , Marie-Francine Moens

External knowledge is often useful for natural language understanding tasks. We introduce a contextual text representation model called Conceptual-Contextual (CC) embeddings, which incorporates structured knowledge into text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Xiao Zhang , Dejing Dou , Ji Wu

Semantic type mismatch between a noun and its context is central to coercion phenomena. This paper introduces a graph-based method to examine how lexical and contextual type information is reflected in word embeddings. We select nouns from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Long Chen , Deniz Ekin Yavas

Pre-trained word vectors are ubiquitous in Natural Language Processing applications. In this paper, we show how training word embeddings jointly with bigram and even trigram embeddings, results in improved unigram embeddings. We claim that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Prakhar Gupta , Matteo Pagliardini , Martin Jaggi

Despite the predominance of contextualized embeddings in NLP, approaches to detect semantic change relying on these embeddings and clustering methods underperform simpler counterparts based on static word embeddings. This stems from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Xianghe Ma , Michael Strube , Wei Zhao

We introduce a novel, simple convolution neural network (CNN) architecture - multi-group norm constraint CNN (MGNC-CNN) that capitalizes on multiple sets of word embeddings for sentence classification. MGNC-CNN extracts features from input…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-03-29 Ye Zhang , Stephen Roller , Byron Wallace

Large language models (LLMs) acquire knowledge across diverse domains such as science, history, and geography encountered during generative pre-training. However, due to their stochasticity, it is difficult to predict what LLMs have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Kartik Sharma , Yiqiao Jin , Rakshit Trivedi , Srijan Kumar

Semantic representations have long been argued as potentially useful for enforcing meaning preservation and improving generalization performance of machine translation methods. In this work, we are the first to incorporate information about…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Diego Marcheggiani , Jasmijn Bastings , Ivan Titov

Graph embedding is an important approach for graph analysis tasks such as node classification and link prediction. The goal of graph embedding is to find a low dimensional representation of graph nodes that preserves the graph information.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Mahsa Ghorbani , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah , Hamid R. Rabiee

Sequential word order is important when processing text. Currently, neural networks (NNs) address this by modeling word position using position embeddings. The problem is that position embeddings capture the position of individual words,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Benyou Wang , Donghao Zhao , Christina Lioma , Qiuchi Li , Peng Zhang , Jakob Grue Simonsen

Vector representations of sentences, trained on massive text corpora, are widely used as generic sentence embeddings across a variety of NLP problems. The learned representations are generally assumed to be continuous and real-valued,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Dinghan Shen , Pengyu Cheng , Dhanasekar Sundararaman , Xinyuan Zhang , Qian Yang , Meng Tang , Asli Celikyilmaz , Lawrence Carin

Sentence embedding is essential for many NLP tasks, with contrastive learning methods achieving strong performance using annotated datasets like NLI. Yet, the reliance on manual labels limits scalability. Recent studies leverage large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Liyang He , Chenglong Liu , Rui Li , Zhenya Huang , Shulan Ruan , Jun Zhou , Enhong Chen

Embedding learning, a.k.a. representation learning, has been shown to be able to model large-scale semantic knowledge graphs. A key concept is a mapping of the knowledge graph to a tensor representation whose entries are predicted by models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-10 Volker Tresp , Cristóbal Esteban , Yinchong Yang , Stephan Baier , Denis Krompaß

Sentence embeddings can be decoded to give approximations of the original texts used to create them. We explore this effect in the context of text simplification, demonstrating that reconstructed text embeddings preserve complexity levels.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Matthew Shardlow

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) are widely used to improve recommendation accuracy and performance by effectively learning the representations of user and item nodes. However, two major challenges remain: (1) the lack of further…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Tao Huang , Yihong Chen , Wei Fan , Wei Zhou , Junhao Wen

Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with external tools has emerged as a promising approach to solving complex problems. However, traditional methods, which finetune LLMs with tool demonstration data, can be both costly and restricted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Shibo Hao , Tianyang Liu , Zhen Wang , Zhiting Hu

While word embeddings have been shown to implicitly encode various forms of attributional knowledge, the extent to which they capture relational information is far more limited. In previous work, this limitation has been addressed by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Jose Camacho-Collados , Luis Espinosa-Anke , Steven Schockaert

Sentence embeddings are central to modern NLP and AI systems, yet little is known about their internal structure. While we can compare these embeddings using measures such as cosine similarity, the contributing features are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Matthieu Tehenan , Vikram Natarajan , Jonathan Michala , Milton Lin , Juri Opitz