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This paper summarizes our recent works of studying AGN feedback in an isolated elliptical galaxy by performing high-resolution hydrodynamical numerical simulations. Bondi radius is resolved and the mass accretion rate of the black hole is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-17 Feng Yuan , Jeremiah P. Ostriker , DooSoo Yoon , Ya-Ping Li , Luca Ciotti , Zhao-Ming Gan , Luis C. Ho , Fulai Guo

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback plays a significant role in many aspects of galaxy formation and evolution and has become a key ingredient in cosmological simulations. However, the subgrid models of AGN feedback in cosmological…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-29 Bocheng Zhu , Volker Springel , Feng Yuan

This is the first paper in a series using our MACER framework to investigate the evolution of a disk galaxy, which emphasizes the role of active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback and incorporates cosmological inflows. This paper presents the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-13 Yuxuan Zou , Feng Yuan , Suoqing Ji , Luis C. Ho , Yingjie Peng , Jing Wang , Bocheng Zhu , Tao Wang

In order to understand the physical mechanisms at work during the formation of massive early-type galaxies, we performed six zoomed hydrodynamical cosmological simulations of halos in the mass range 4.3 10^12 < M_vir < 8.0 10^13 M_sun at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Yohan Dubois , Raphaël Gavazzi , Sébastien Peirani , Joseph Silk

Understanding how galaxies maintain the inefficiency of star formation with physically self-consistent models is a central problem for galaxy evolution. Although numerous theoretical models have been proposed in recent decades, the debate…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-24 Ya-Ping Li , Feng Yuan , Houjun Mo , Doosoo Yoon , Zhao-Ming Gan , Luis C. Ho , Bo Wang , Jeremiah P. Ostriker , Luca Ciotti

A fundamental gap in the current understanding of galaxies concerns the thermodynamical evolution of the ordinary, baryonic matter. On one hand, radiative emission drastically decreases the thermal energy content of the interstellar plasma…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 M. Gaspari , F. Brighenti , P. Temi

We present MACER3D (Multiscale AGN-regulated Cosmic Ecosystem Resolver in 3D), a new suite of three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations that study active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback on galactic scales over Gyr duration, with major…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-10 Haoen Zhang , Haojie Xia , Suoqing Ji , Feng Yuan , Minhang Guo , Rui Zhang , Bocheng Zhu , Yihuan Di , Aoyun He , Tingfang Su , Yuxuan Zou

A major amendment in recent models of hierarchical galaxy formation is the inclusion of so-called AGN feedback. The energy input from an active central massive black hole is invoked to suppress star formation in early-type galaxies at later…

The role of active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback in dwarf galaxies remains poorly understood, with conventional wisdom suggesting it primarily suppresses star formation. Using high-resolution MACER3D simulations that directly resolve the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-27 Tingfang Su , Suoqing Ji , Feng Yuan , Haojie Xia , Yuxuan Zou

Recently, we have performed a systematic study of AGN feedback in a disk galaxy within the MACER framework. Various model predictions, including the AGN duty cycle, the correlation between black hole accretion rates and star formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-28 Yuxuan Zou , Feng Yuan , Suoqing Ji , Lin He , Zhiyuan Li , Yi Zhang , Johan Comparat , Zhijie Qu , Taotao Fang

The importance of feedback (radiative and mechanical) from massive black holes at the centers of elliptical galaxies is not in doubt, given the well established relation among black hole mass and galaxy optical luminosity. Here, with the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 L. Ciotti , J. P. Ostriker

The inefficiency of star formation in massive elliptical galaxies is widely believed to be caused by the interactions of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) with the surrounding gas. Achieving a sufficiently rapid reddening of moderately…

Feedback processes are thought to solve some of the long-standing issues of the numerical modelling of galaxy formation: over-cooling, low angular momentum, massive blue galaxies, extra-galactic enrichment, etc. The accretion of gas onto…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-08 Yohan Dubois , Julien Devriendt , Adrianne Slyz , Romain Teyssier

This is the second paper of our series of works of studying the effects of active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback on the cosmological evolution of an isolated elliptical galaxy by performing two-dimensional high-resolution hydrodynamical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-09-05 Doosoo Yoon , Feng Yuan , Zhao-Ming Gan , Jeremiah P. Ostriker , Ya-Ping Li , Luca Ciotti

We investigate the effects of AGN feedback on the cosmological evolution of an isolated elliptical galaxy by performing two-dimensional high-resolution hydrodynamical numerical simulations. The inner boundary of the simulation is chosen so…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-05-02 Feng Yuan , Doosoo Yoon , Ya-Ping Li , Zhao-Ming Gan , Luis C. Ho , Fulai Guo

We present new two-fluid models of accretion disks in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that aim to address the long-standing problem of Toomre instability in AGN outskirts. In the spirit of earlier works by Sirko & Goodman and others, we argue…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-04-13 Shmuel Gilbaum , Nicholas C. Stone

We present 2D hydrodynamical simulations for the evolution of early-type galaxies containing central massive black holes (MBHs), starting at age 2 Gyr. The code contains accurate and physically consistent radiative and mechanical AGN wind…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-25 L. Ciotti , S. Pellegrini , A. Negri , J. P. Ostriker

Based on two-dimensional high resolution hydrodynamic numerical simulation, we study the mechanical and radiative feedback effects from the central AGN on the cosmological evolution of an isolated elliptical galaxy. Physical processes such…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 Zhaoming Gan , Feng Yuan , Jeremiah P. Ostriker , Luca Ciotti , Gregory S. Novak

We present some results of the new MORGANA model for the rise of galaxies and active nuclei, and show that the improved physical motivation of the description of star formation and feedback allows to get hints on the physical processes at…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pierluigi Monaco

We have constructed an analytical model of AGN feedback and studied its implications for elliptical galaxies and galaxy clusters. The results show that momentum injection above a critical value will eject material from low mass elliptical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-11-13 Edward C. D. Pope
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