English
Related papers

Related papers: Solving Imperfect-Information Games via Discounted…

200 papers

Artificial intelligence (AI) has surpassed top human players in a variety of games. In imperfect information games, these achievements have primarily been driven by Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) and its variants for computing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Qi Ju , Thomas Tellier , Meng Sun , Zhemei Fang , Yunfeng Luo

This paper investigates a class of games with large strategy spaces, motivated by challenges in AI alignment and language games. We introduce the hidden game problem, where for each player, an unknown subset of strategies consistently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Gon Buzaglo , Noah Golowich , Elad Hazan

Online game playing algorithms produce high-quality strategies with a fraction of memory and computation required by their offline alternatives. Continual Resolving (CR) is a recent theoretically sound approach to online game playing that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Michal Sustr , Vojtech Kovarik , Viliam Lisy

We study the performance of optimistic regret-minimization algorithms for both minimizing regret in, and computing Nash equilibria of, zero-sum extensive-form games. In order to apply these algorithms to extensive-form games, a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Gabriele Farina , Christian Kroer , Tuomas Sandholm

Decomposition, i.e. independently analyzing possible subgames, has proven to be an essential principle for effective decision-making in perfect information games. However, in imperfect information games, decomposition has proven to be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-22 Neil Burch , Michael Johanson , Michael Bowling

Follow-the-Regularized-Lead (FTRL) and Online Mirror Descent (OMD) are regret minimization algorithms for Online Convex Optimization (OCO), they are mathematically elegant but less practical in solving Extensive-Form Games (EFGs).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Weiming Liu , Huacong Jiang , Bin Li , Houqiang Li

In game theory, imperfect-recall decision problems model situations in which an agent forgets information it held before. They encompass games such as the ``absentminded driver'' and team games with limited communication. In this paper, we…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Emanuel Tewolde , Brian Hu Zhang , Ioannis Anagnostides , Tuomas Sandholm , Vincent Conitzer

Regret minimization is a powerful method for finding Nash equilibria in Normal-Form Games (NFGs) and Extensive-Form Games (EFGs), but it typically guarantees convergence only for the average strategy. However, computing the average strategy…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Hang Ren , Yulin Wu , Shuhan Qi , Jiajia Zhang , Xiaozhen Sun , Tianzi Ma , Xuan Wang

The Nash Equilibrium (NE) assumes rational play in imperfect-information Extensive-Form Games (EFGs) but fails to ensure optimal strategies for off-equilibrium branches of the game tree, potentially leading to suboptimal outcomes in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Hang Ren , Xiaozhen Sun , Tianzi Ma , Jiajia Zhang , Xuan Wang

Extensive-form games (EFGs) model finite sequential interactions between players. The amount of memory required to represent these games is the main bottleneck of algorithms for computing optimal strategies and the size of these strategies…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Jiri Cermak , Viliam Lisy , Branislav Bosansky

The competition between radar and jammer is one emerging issue in modern electronic warfare, which in principle can be viewed as a non-cooperative game with two players. In this work, the competition between a frequency agile (FA) radar and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-22 Huayue Li , Zhaowei Han , Wenqiang Pu , Liangqi Liu , Kang Li , Bo Jiu

Regret Matching+ (RM+) and its variants are important algorithms for solving large-scale games. However, a theoretical understanding of their success in practice is still a mystery. Moreover, recent advances on fast convergence in games are…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Gabriele Farina , Julien Grand-Clément , Christian Kroer , Chung-Wei Lee , Haipeng Luo

In this paper, we investigate the power of {\it regularization}, a common technique in reinforcement learning and optimization, in solving extensive-form games (EFGs). We propose a series of new algorithms based on regularizing the payoff…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Mingyang Liu , Asuman Ozdaglar , Tiancheng Yu , Kaiqing Zhang

Hindsight rationality is an approach to playing general-sum games that prescribes no-regret learning dynamics for individual agents with respect to a set of deviations, and further describes jointly rational behavior among multiple agents…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Dustin Morrill , Ryan D'Orazio , Marc Lanctot , James R. Wright , Michael Bowling , Amy R. Greenwald

We consider regret minimization in repeated games with non-convex loss functions. Minimizing the standard notion of regret is computationally intractable. Thus, we define a natural notion of regret which permits efficient optimization and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-06 Elad Hazan , Karan Singh , Cyril Zhang

Learning strategies for imperfect information games from samples of interaction is a challenging problem. A common method for this setting, Monte Carlo Counterfactual Regret Minimization (MCCFR), can have slow long-term convergence rates…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Martin Schmid , Neil Burch , Marc Lanctot , Matej Moravcik , Rudolf Kadlec , Michael Bowling

Hindsight rationality is an approach to playing general-sum games that prescribes no-regret learning dynamics for individual agents with respect to a set of deviations, and further describes jointly rational behavior among multiple agents…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Dustin Morrill , Ryan D'Orazio , Marc Lanctot , James R. Wright , Michael Bowling , Amy Greenwald

There has been tremendous recent progress on equilibrium-finding algorithms for zero-sum imperfect-information extensive-form games, but there has been a puzzling gap between theory and practice. First-order methods have significantly…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Christian Kroer , Gabriele Farina , Tuomas Sandholm

The Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) algorithm and its variants have enabled the development of pokerbots capable of beating the best human players in heads-up (1v1) cash games and competing with them in six-player formats. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Narada Maugin , Tristan Cazenave

Online learning algorithms that minimize regret provide strong guarantees in situations that involve repeatedly making decisions in an uncertain environment, e.g. a driver deciding what route to drive to work every day. While regret…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-09-06 Jeremiah Blocki , Nicolas Christin , Anupam Datta , Arunesh Sinha