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Non-Hermitian random matrices have been utilized in such diverse fields as dissipative and stochastic processes, mesoscopic physics, nuclear physics, and neural networks. However, the only known universal level-spacing statistics is that of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-06-08 Ryusuke Hamazaki , Kohei Kawabata , Naoto Kura , Masahito Ueda

We consider random Hermitian matrices with independent upper triangular entries. Wigner's semicircle law says that under certain additional assumptions, the empirical spectral distribution converges to the semicircle distribution. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Calvin Wooyoung Chin

The universality for the eigenvalue spacing statistics of generalized Wigner matrices was established in our previous work \cite{EYY} under certain conditions on the probability distributions of the matrix elements. A major class of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-09-27 László Erdos , Horng-Tzer Yau , Jun Yin

The conjectured three generic local bulk statistics amongst all non-Hermitian random matrix symmetry classes have recently been extended to three generic local edge statistics. We study analytically and numerically complex spacing ratios…

We consider an ensemble of large non-Hermitian random matrices of the form $\hat{H}+i\hat{A}_s$, where $\hat{H}$ and $\hat{A}_s$ are Hermitian statistically independent random $N\times N$ matrices. We demonstrate the existence of a new…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-08-31 Yan V. Fyodorov , Boris A. Khoruzhenko , Hans-Juergen Sommers

We consider $N\times N$ Hermitian random matrices with independent identical distributed entries. The matrix is normalized so that the average spacing between consecutive eigenvalues is of order 1/N. Under suitable assumptions on the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Laszlo Erdos , Benjamin Schlein , Horng-Tzer Yau

We consider symmetric and Hermitian random matrices whose entries are independent and symmetric random variables with an arbitrary variance pattern. Under a novel Short-to-Long Mixing condition, which is sharp in the sense that it precludes…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-12 Dang-Zheng Liu , Guangyi Zou

We prove that a very general class of $N\times N$ Hermitian random band matrices is in the delocalized phase when the band width $W$ exceeds the critical threshold, $W\gg \sqrt{N}$. In this regime, we show that, in the bulk spectrum, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-10 László Erdős , Volodymyr Riabov

These notes provide an introduction to the local semicircle law from random matrix theory, as well as some of its applications. We focus on Wigner matrices, Hermitian random matrices with independent upper-triangular entries with zero…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-11 Florent Benaych-Georges , Antti Knowles

Consider $N\times N$ symmetric one-dimensional random band matrices with general distribution of the entries and band width $W \geq N^{3/4+\varepsilon}$ for any $\varepsilon>0$. In the bulk of the spectrum and in the large $N$ limit, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-07-05 Paul Bourgade , Horng-Tzer Yau , Jun Yin

We consider Hermitian random band matrices $H=(h_{xy})$ on the $d$-dimensional lattice $(\mathbb Z/L \mathbb Z)^d$, where the entries $h_{xy}=\overline h_{yx}$ are independent centered complex Gaussian random variables with variances…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-26 Changji Xu , Fan Yang , Horng-Tzer Yau , Jun Yin

These expository notes are centered around the circular law theorem, which states that the empirical spectral distribution of a nxn random matrix with i.i.d. entries of variance 1/n tends to the uniform law on the unit disc of the complex…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-03-14 Charles Bordenave , Djalil Chafai

We use the idea of a Wigner surmise to compute approximate distributions of the first eigenvalue in chiral Random Matrix Theory, for both real and complex eigenvalues. Testing against known results for zero and maximal non-Hermiticity in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-02-16 G. Akemann , E. Bittner , M. J. Phillips , L. Shifrin

We show that randomly choosing the matrices in a completely positive map from the unitary group gives a quantum expander. We consider Hermitian and non-Hermitian cases, and we provide asymptotically tight bounds in the Hermitian case on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. B. Hastings

The present paper studies a Gaussian Hermitian random matrix ensemble with external source, given by a fixed diagonal matrix with two eigenvalues a and -a. As a first result, the probability that the eigenvalues of the ensemble belong to a…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mark Adler , Pierre van Moerbeke

Recently we proved (EPRSY, ERSTVY, ESY4, ESYY, EYY, EYY2, EYYrigi) that the eigenvalue correlation functions of a general class of random matrices converge, weakly with respect to the energy, to the corresponding ones of Gaussian matrices.…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-04-03 Laszlo Erdos , Horng-Tzer Yau

The eigenvalue distribution of the sum of two large Hermitian matrices, when one of them is conjugated by a Haar distributed unitary matrix, is asymptotically given by the free convolution of their spectral distributions. We prove that this…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-21 Zhigang Bao , Laszlo Erdos , Kevin Schnelli

We prove multi-dimensional central limit theorems for the spectral moments (of arbitrary degrees) associated with random matrices with real-valued i.i.d. entries, satisfying some appropriate moment conditions. Our techniques rely on a…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-09-30 Ivan Nourdin , Giovanni Peccati

The four moment theorem asserts, roughly speaking, that the joint distribution of a small number of eigenvalues of a Wigner random matrix (when measured at the scale of the mean eigenvalue spacing) depends only on the first four moments of…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-05-10 Terence Tao , Van Vu

We prove the Wigner-Dyson-Mehta conjecture at fixed energy in the bulk of the spectrum for generalized symmetric and Hermitian Wigner matrices. Previous results concerning the universality of random matrices either require an averaging in…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-04-17 Paul Bourgade , Laszlo Erdos , Hong-Tzer Yau , Jun Yin