Related papers: Sparse Attentive Backtracking: Temporal CreditAssi…

A major drawback of backpropagation through time (BPTT) is the difficulty of learning long-term dependencies, coming from having to propagate credit information backwards through every single step of the forward computation. This makes BPTT…

Backpropagation through time (BPTT) is a technique of updating tuned parameters within recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Several attempts at creating such an algorithm have been made including: Nth Ordered Approximations and Truncated-BPTT.…

We propose a novel approach to reduce memory consumption of the backpropagation through time (BPTT) algorithm when training recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Our approach uses dynamic programming to balance a trade-off between caching of…

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents performing complex tasks must be able to remember observations and actions across sizable time intervals. This is especially true during the initial learning stages, when exploratory behaviour can increase…

The way how recurrently connected networks of spiking neurons in the brain acquire powerful information processing capabilities through learning has remained a mystery. This lack of understanding is linked to a lack of learning algorithms…

Backpropagation through time (BPTT) is the standard algorithm for training recurrent neural networks (RNNs), which requires separate simulation phases for the forward and backward passes for inference and learning, respectively. Moreover,…

To learn useful dynamics on long time scales, neurons must use plasticity rules that account for long-term, circuit-wide effects of synaptic changes. In other words, neural circuits must solve a credit assignment problem to appropriately…

Despite recent advances in training recurrent neural networks (RNNs), capturing long-term dependencies in sequences remains a fundamental challenge. Most approaches use backpropagation through time (BPTT), which is difficult to scale to…

Credit assignment in traditional recurrent neural networks usually involves back-propagating through a long chain of tied weight matrices. The length of this chain scales linearly with the number of time-steps as the same network is run at…

Recurrent networks are typically trained with backpropagation through time (BPTT). However, BPTT requires storing the history of all states in the network and then replaying them sequentially backwards in time. This computation appears…

Recent advances in event-based neuromorphic systems have resulted in significant interest in the use and development of spiking neural networks (SNNs). However, the non-differentiable nature of spiking neurons makes SNNs incompatible with…

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have recently demonstrated strong performance and faster inference than Transformers at comparable parameter budgets. However, the recursive gradient computation with the backpropagation through time (or…

The event-driven and sparse nature of communication between spiking neurons in the brain holds great promise for flexible and energy-efficient AI. Recent advances in learning algorithms have demonstrated that recurrent networks of spiking…

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have become an integral part of modeling and forecasting frameworks in areas like natural language processing and high-dimensional dynamical systems such as turbulent fluid flows. To improve the accuracy of…

Predictive Coding (PC) is a biologically-inspired learning framework characterised by local, parallelisable operations, properties that enable energy-efficient implementation on neuromorphic hardware. Despite this, extending PC effectively…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) provide an efficient framework for processing dynamic spatio-temporal signals and for investigating the learning principles underlying biological neural systems. A key challenge in training SNNs is to solve…

We present a recurrent neural network memory that uses sparse coding to create a combinatoric encoding of sequential inputs. Using several examples, we show that the network can associate distant causes and effects in a discrete stochastic…

Learning long-term dependencies is a key long-standing challenge of recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Hierarchical recurrent neural networks (HRNNs) have been considered a promising approach as long-term dependencies are resolved through…

In sequence learning tasks such as language modelling, Recurrent Neural Networks must learn relationships between input features separated by time. State of the art models such as LSTM and Transformer are trained by backpropagation of…

Learning depends on changes in synaptic connections deep inside the brain. In multilayer networks, these changes are triggered by error signals fed back from the output, generally through a stepwise inversion of the feedforward processing…