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The entropy production is one of the most essential features for systems operating out of equilibrium. The formulation for discrete-state systems goes back to the celebrated Schnakenberg's work and hitherto can be carried out when for each…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-04-15 D. M. Busiello , D. Gupta , A. Maritan

A cost-precision trade-off relationship, the so-called thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR), has been recently discovered in stochastic thermodynamics. It bounds certain thermodynamic observables in terms of the associated entropy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-05-27 Soham Pal , Sushant Saryal , Dvira Segal , T. S. Mahesh , Bijay Kumar Agarwalla

We study entropy production (EP) in processes involving repeated quantum measurements of finite quantum systems. Adopting a dynamical system approach, we develop a thermodynamic formalism for the EP and study fine aspects of irreversibility…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-08-02 Tristan Benoist , Vojkan Jaksic , Yan Pautrat , Claude-Alain Pillet

The energy conversion efficiency of far-from-equilibrium systems is generally limited by irreversible thermodynamic fluxes that make contact with different heat baths. For complex systems, the states of the maximum efficiency and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-09 Shanhe Su , Wei Shen , Jianying Du , Jincan Chen

We analyze the dynamics of a simple but nontrivial classical Hamiltonian system of infinitely many coupled rotators. We assume that this infinite system is driven out of thermal equilibrium either because energy is injected by an external…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 David Ruelle

For the system with inhomogeneous distribution of macroscopic parameters we obtain thermodynamic relation which depends on the spatial point (coordinate). In our approach, to obtain such a relation we use the basic ideas of the method of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-24 A. P. Rebesh , B. I. Lev , A. G. Zagorodny

A general quantum theory encompassing Mechanics, Thermodynamics and irreversible dynamics is presented in two parts. The first part is concerned exclusively with the description of the states of any individual physical system. It is based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gian Paolo Beretta

In finite-dimensional quantum systems, temperature cannot be uniquely defined. This, in turn, implies that there are several ways to define entropy production in finite-dimensional quantum systems, because the classical entropy production…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Tomohiro Nishiyama , Yoshihiko Hasegawa

Relative fluctuations of observables in discrete stochastic systems are bounded at all times by the mean dynamical activity in the system, quantified by the mean number of jumps. This constitutes a kinetic uncertainty relation that is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-01-08 Ivan Di Terlizzi , Marco Baiesi

A general formulation of stochastic thermodynamics is presented for open systems exchanging energy and particles with multiple reservoirs. By introducing a partition in terms of "macrostates" (e.g. sets of "microstates"), the consequence on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-03 Massimiliano Esposito

Thermodynamics is based on a coarse-grained approach, from which its fundamental variables emerge, effectively erasing the complicate details of the microscopic dynamics within a macroscopic system. The strength of Thermodynamics lies in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-17 Gabriel Fernandez Ferrari , Łukasz Rudnicki , Lucas Chibebe Céleri

Recently, it has been shown that there is a trade-off relation between thermodynamic cost and current fluctuations, referred to as the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR). The TUR has been derived for various processes, such as…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-01-01 Jae Sung Lee , Jong-Min Park , Hyunggyu Park

Exact solutions of time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation in presence of time-dependent potential is defined by point transformation and separation of variables. Energy and Heisenberg uncertainty relation are pursued for time-independent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-04 Debraj Nath

It is believed that thermodynamic laws are associated with random processes occurring in the system and, therefore, deterministic mechanical systems cannot be described within the framework of the thermodynamic approach. In this paper, we…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-09-28 Sergey Rashkovskiy

Understanding thermodynamics and statistical mechanics in the full general relativistic context is an open problem. I give tentative definitions of equilibrium state, mean values, mean geometry, entropy and temperature, which reduce to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-01 Carlo Rovelli

A set of core features is set forth as the essence of a thermodynamic description, which derive from large-deviation properties in systems with hierarchies of timescales, but which are \emph{not} dependent upon conservation laws or…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-10-28 Eric Smith

From a viewpoint of stochastic thermodynamics, we derive equations that describe the collective dynamics near the order-disorder transition in the globally coupled XY model and near the synchronization-desynchronization transition in the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-20 Shin-ichi Sasa

The concept of temperature is one of the key ideas in describing the thermodynamical properties of a physical system. In classical statistical mechanics of ideal gases, the notion of temperature can be described in two different ways, the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-11-12 Krishna R. Narayanan , Arun R. Srinivasa

Using the contemporary thermodynamic equations of elastic solids leads to contradictions with the fundamental statements of thermodynamics. Two examples are presented to expose the inconsistencies. In example one the internal energy between…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jozsef Garai , Alexandre Laugier

In a glassy system different degrees of freedom have well-separated characteristic times, and are described by different temperatures. The stationary state is essentially non-equilibrium. A generalized statistical thermodynamics is…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 A. E. Allahverdyan , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen