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When developing a safety-critical system it is essential to obtain an assessment of different design alternatives. In particular, an early safety assessment of the architectural design of a system is desirable. In spite of the plethora of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2011-07-07 Florian Leitner-Fischer , Stefan Leue

Advances in machine learning (ML) in recent years have enabled a dizzying array of applications such as data analytics, autonomous systems, and security diagnostics. ML is now pervasive---new systems and models are being deployed in every…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-14 Nicolas Papernot , Patrick McDaniel , Arunesh Sinha , Michael Wellman

Technological advances have enabled multiple countries to consider implementing Smart City Infrastructure to provide in-depth insights into different data points and enhance the lives of citizens. Unfortunately, these new technological…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Yee Ching Tok , Sudipta Chattopadhyay

Characterizing attacker behavior with respect to Cyber-Physical Systems is important to assuring the security posture and resilience of these systems. Classical cyber vulnerability assessment approaches rely on the knowledge and experience…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Christopher Deloglos , Carl Elks , Ashraf Tantawy

Our goal is to enable holistic hardware security evaluation from the microarchitectural point of view. To achieve this, we propose a framework that categorizes threat models based on the microarchitectural components being targeted, and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Tochukwu Idika , Ismail Akturk

Threat modeling is a popular method to securely develop systems by achieving awareness of potential areas of future damage caused by adversaries. However, threat modeling for systems relying on Artificial Intelligence is still not well…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jan von der Assen , Jamo Sharif , Chao Feng , Christian Killer , Gérôme Bovet , Burkhard Stiller

At our behest or otherwise, while our software is being executed, a huge variety of design assumptions is continuously matched with the truth of the current condition. While standards and tools exist to express and verify some of these…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Vincenzo De Florio

The widespread adoption of machine learning (ML) systems increased attention to their security and emergence of adversarial machine learning (AML) techniques that exploit fundamental vulnerabilities in ML systems, creating an urgent need…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Avishag Shapira , Simon Shigol , Asaf Shabtai

Machine learning (ML) models deployed in many safety- and business-critical systems are vulnerable to exploitation through adversarial examples. A large body of academic research has thoroughly explored the causes of these blind spots,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Ivan Evtimov , Weidong Cui , Ece Kamar , Emre Kiciman , Tadayoshi Kohno , Jerry Li

In the last decade, a lot of effort has been put into securing software application during development in the software industry. Software security is a research field in this area which looks at how security can be weaved into software at…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-01-27 Adetunji Adebiyi , Chris Imafidon

Privacy-preservation for sensitive data has become a challenging issue in cloud computing. Threat modeling as a part of requirements engineering in secure software development provides a structured approach for identifying attacks and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Ali Gholami , Anna-Sara Lind , Jane Reichel , Jan-Eric Litton , Ake Edlund , Erwin Laure

Systems modeling practice lacks security analysis tools that can interface with modeling languages to facilitate security by design. Security by design is a necessity in the age of safety critical cyber-physical systems, where security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Georgios Bakirtzis , Garrett L. Ward , Christopher J. Deloglos , Carl R. Elks , Barry M. Horowitz , Cody H. Fleming

Embedded software is developed under the assumption that hardware execution is always correct. Fault attacks break and exploit that assumption. Through the careful introduction of targeted faults, an adversary modifies the control-flow or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Bilgiday Yuce , Patrick Schaumont , Marc Witteman

As large language models are integrated into autonomous robotic systems for task planning and control, compromised inputs or unsafe model outputs can propagate through the planning pipeline to physical-world consequences. Although prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Neha Nagaraja , Hayretdin Bahsi , Carlo R. da Cunha

Despite the extent of recent advances in Machine Learning (ML) and Neural Networks, providing formal guarantees on the behavior of these systems is still an open problem, and a crucial requirement for their adoption in regulated or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Matteo Francobaldi , Michele Lombardi

With an ever-increasing reliance on machine learning (ML) models in the real world, adversarial examples threaten the safety of AI-based systems such as autonomous vehicles. In the image domain, they represent maliciously perturbed data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Dren Fazlija , Arkadij Orlov , Johanna Schrader , Monty-Maximilian Zühlke , Michael Rohs , Daniel Kudenko

Software architecture models capture early design decisions that strongly influence system quality attributes, including security. However, architecture-level security assessment and feedback are often absent in practice, allowing security…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Mahdi Jafari , Rahul Sharma , Sami Naim , Christopher Gerking , Ralf Reussner

Machine learning (ML) provides us with numerous opportunities, allowing ML systems to adapt to new situations and contexts. At the same time, this adaptability raises uncertainties concerning the run-time product quality or dependability,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Lalli Myllyaho , Mikko Raatikainen , Tomi Männistö , Jukka K. Nurminen , Tommi Mikkonen

TThis paper argues that \textbf{a comprehensive vulnerability analysis is essential for building trustworthy Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS)}. These systems, which consist of multiple LLM-powered agents working…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Pengfei He , Yue Xing , Juanhui Li , Shen Dong , Zhenwei Dai , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Han Xu , Zhen Xiang , Charu C. Aggarwal , Hui Liu

This work starts with the intention of using mathematics to understand the intriguing vulnerability observed by ~\citet{szegedy2013} within artificial neural networks. Along the way, we will develop some novel tools with applications far…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Brian Bell