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Designing efficient fault tolerance schemes is crucial for building useful quantum computers. Most standard schemes assume no knowledge of the underlying device noise and rely on general-purpose quantum error-correcting (QEC) codes capable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Long D. H. My , Akshaya Jayashankar , Prabha Mandayam , Hui Khoon Ng

We propose a scalable decoding framework for correcting correlated hook errors in stabilizer measurement circuits. Traditional circuit-level decoding attempts to estimate the precise location of faults by constructing an extended Tanner…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Michele Pacenti , Asit K. Pradhan , Shantom K. Borah , Bane Vasic

High-fidelity decoding of quantum error correction codes relies on an accurate experimental model of the physical errors occurring in the device. Because error probabilities can depend on the context of the applied operations, the error…

Quantum LDPC codes may provide a path to build low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computers. However, as general LDPC codes lack geometric constraints, na\"ive layouts couple many distant qubits with crossing connections which could be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-17 Maxime A. Tremblay , Nicolas Delfosse , Michael E. Beverland

Rotation symmetric bosonic codes are an attractive encoding for qubits into oscillator degrees of freedom, particularly in superconducting qubit experiments. While these codes can tolerate considerable loss and dephasing, they will need to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-30 Juliette Soule , Andrew C. Doherty , Arne L. Grimsmo

We present a scheme for encoding and decoding an unknown state for CSS codes, based on syndrome measurements. We illustrate our method by means of Kitaev toric code, defected-lattice code, topological subsystem code and Haah 3D code. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Justyna Łodyga , Paweł Mazurek , Andrzej Grudka , Michał Horodecki

We formulate a bounded distance decoding strategy applicable to all stabilizer codes including both CSS and non-CSS code-families. The framework emerges out of the local Clifford equivalence between arbitrary stabilizer states and graph…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Harikrishnan K J , Amit Kumar Pal

We consider design of the quantum stabilizer codes via a two-step, low-complexity approach based on the framework of codeword-stabilized (CWS) codes. In this framework, each quantum CWS code can be specified by a graph and a binary code.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-23 Alexey A. Kovalev , Ilya Dumer , Leonid P. Pryadko

Logical qubits can be protected against environmental noise by encoding them into a highly entangled state of many physical qubits and actively intervening in the dynamics with stabilizer measurements. In this work, we numerically optimize…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Áron Márton , János K. Asbóth

We introduce a methodology for generating random multi-qubit stabilizer codes based on solving a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) on random bipartite graphs. This framework allows us to enforce stabilizer commutation, $X/Z$ balancing,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-26 Maxime Tremblay , Guillaume Duclos-Cianci , Stefanos Kourtis

This paper characterizes Goppa codes of certain maximal curves over finite fields defined by equations of the form $y^n = x^m + x$. We investigate Algebraic Geometric and quantum stabilizer codes associated with these maximal curves and…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-02-07 Vahid Nourozi

This article provides an introduction to surface code quantum computing. We first estimate the size and speed of a surface code quantum computer. We then introduce the concept of the stabilizer, using two qubits, and extend this concept to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-30 Austin G. Fowler , Matteo Mariantoni , John M. Martinis , Andrew N. Cleland

Color codes are promising quantum error correction (QEC) codes because they have an advantage over surface codes in that all Clifford gates can be implemented transversally. However, thresholds of color codes under circuit-level noise are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-18 Yugo Takada , Keisuke Fujii

We study and generalize the class of qubit topological stabilizer codes that arise in the Abelian phase of the honeycomb lattice model. The resulting family of codes, which we call `matching codes' realize the same anyon model as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 James R. Wootton

We introduce a class of cyclic quantum codes, basing the construction not on the simplicity of the stabilizers, but rather on the simplicity of preparation of a code state (at least in the absence of noise). We show how certain known codes,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Matthew B. Hastings

Quantum error correction (QEC) is considered a deciding component in enabling practical quantum computing. Stabilizer codes, and in particular topological surface codes, are promising candidates for implementing QEC by redundantly encoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Josias Old , Stephan Tasler , Michael J. Hartmann , Markus Müller

Quantum error correction (QEC) is often implemented on hardware that experiences biased noise, where dephasing errors occur more frequently than other errors. This has motivated many recent efforts to develop bias-tailored QEC codes, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Arianna Meinking , Julie Campos , Kenneth R. Brown

We analyze the performance of decoders for the 2D and 4D toric code which are local by construction. The 2D decoder is a cellular automaton decoder formulated by Harrington which explicitly has a finite speed of communication and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-09 Nikolas P. Breuckmann , Kasper Duivenvoorden , Dominik Michels , Barbara M. Terhal

Quantum data-syndrome (QDS) codes are a class of quantum error-correcting codes that protect against errors both on the data qubits and on the syndrome itself via redundant measurement of stabilizer group elements. One way to define a QDS…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Eren Guttentag , Andrew Nemec , Kenneth R. Brown

We present a comprehensive and self-contained simplified review of the quantum computing scheme of Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 190504 (2007), which features a 2-D nearest neighbor coupled lattice of qubits, a threshold error rate approaching 1%,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 Austin G. Fowler , Ashley M. Stephens , Peter Groszkowski