English
Related papers

Related papers: Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Plasma Turbu…

200 papers

The ubiquitous turbulence in astrophysical plasmas is important for both magnetic reconnection and reconnection acceleration. We study the particle acceleration during fast 3D turbulent reconnection with reconnection-driven turbulence.…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 Siyao Xu , Alex Lazarian

The efficiency of particle acceleration at shock waves in relativistic, magnetized astrophysical outflows is a debated topic with far-reaching implications. Here, for the first time, we study the impact of turbulence in the pre-shock…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-06 Virginia Bresci , Martin Lemoine , Laurent Gremillet

Many high-energy astrophysical systems contain magnetized collisionless plasmas with relativistic particles, in which turbulence can be driven by an arbitrary mixture of solenoidal and compressive motions. For example, turbulence in hot…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-07 Vladimir Zhdankin

Building on recent progress in the understanding of particle transport in magnetized plasmas, we derive a scaling law for the formation of nonthermal spectral tails in mildly and strongly magnetized turbulent environments. We validate this…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Rostom Mbarek , Daniel Grošelj , Alexander Philippov

Magnetic reconnection, especially in the relativistic regime, provides an efficient mechanism for accelerating relativistic particles and thus offers an attractive physical explanation for nonthermal high-energy emission from various…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-15 Dmitri A. Uzdensky

Magnetic reconnection is thought to be the driver for many explosive phenomena in the universe. The energy release and particle acceleration during reconnection have been proposed as a mechanism for producing high-energy emissions and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-04-10 Fan Guo , Yi-Hsin Liu , William Daughton , Hui Li

Nonthermal relativistic plasmas are ubiquitous in astrophysical systems like pulsar wind nebulae and active galactic nuclei, as inferred from their emission spectra. The underlying nonthermal particle acceleration (NTPA) processes have…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-15 Kai Wong , Vladimir Zhdankin , Dmitri A. Uzdensky , Gregory R. Werner , Mitchell C. Begelman

Dissipative processes cause collisionless plasmas in many systems to develop nonthermal particle distributions with broad power-law tails. The prevalence of power-law energy distributions in space/astrophysical observations and kinetic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-06 Vladimir Zhdankin

A property common to several different astrophysical sources of high-energy gamma-rays is the presence of bulk motion at relativistic speed. The intrinsic spectra of the nonthermal radiating particles also show interesting similarities,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. G. Kirk

As powerful gamma-ray engines, blazars -- relativistic plasma jets launched toward Earth from active galactic nuclei -- are manifestly high-energy particle accelerators. Yet, exactly how these jets accelerate particles as well as what they…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-03 John Mehlhaff , Muni Zhou , Vladimir Zhdankin

Shear flows, ubiquitous in space and astrophysical plasmas, can accelerate particles through turbulence excited by the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. We present the first numerical study of particle acceleration in non-relativistic,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-16 Mingxuan Liu , Mateusz Ruszkowski , Ellen Zweibel , Xiaochen Sun , Damiano Caprioli , Naixin Liang , Siang Peng Oh , Anatoly Spitkovsky

Nonthermal radiation observed from astrophysical systems containing relativistic jets and shocks, e.g., active galactic nuclei (AGNs), gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and Galactic microquasar systems usually have power-law emission spectra. Recent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 K. -I. Nishikawa , Y. Mizuno , G. J. Fishman , P. Hardee

Particle acceleration at plasma shocks appears to be ubiquitous in the universe, spanning systems in the heliosphere, supernova remnants, and relativistic jets in distant active galaxies and gamma-ray bursts. This review addresses some of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Matthew G. Baring

We perform 2D and 3D kinetic simulations of reconnection-mediated turbulent flares in a magnetized electron-positron plasma, with weak and strong radiative cooling. Such flares can be generated around neutron stars and accreting black…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-17 J. Nättilä , A. M. Beloborodov

Highly energetic, relativistic electrons are commonly present in many astrophysical systems, from solar flares to the intra-cluster medium, as indicated by observed electromagnetic radiation. However, open questions remain about the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 Domenico Trotta , Luca Franci , David Burgess , Petr Hellinger

Observational aspects of solar flares relevant to the acceleration process of electrons and protons are reviewed and it is shown that most of these observations can be explained by the interaction with flare plasma of a power law energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vahe Petrosian

We report the results of 1D particle-in-cell simulations of ultrarelativistic shock waves in proton-electron-positron plasmas. We consider magnetized shock waves, in which the upstream medium carries a large scale magnetic field, directed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Elena Amato , Jonathan Arons

Shear flows are ubiquitously present in space and astrophysical plasmas. This paper highlights the central idea of the non-thermal acceleration of charged particles in shearing flows and reviews some of the recent developments. Topics…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-17 Frank M. Rieger

We attempt to explain the non-thermal emission arising from galaxy clusters as a result of the re-acceleration of electrons by compressible turbulence induced by cluster mergers. In our model intracluster medium (ICM) is represented by a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Brunetti , A. Lazarian

We investigate acceleration and propagation processes of high-energy particles inside hot accretion flows. The magnetorotational instability (MRI) creates turbulence inside accretion flows, which triggers magnetic reconnection and may…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-12-03 Shigeo S. Kimura , Kengo Tomida , Kohta Murase