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We give a security proof of the `Round Robin Differential Phase Shift' Quantum Key Distribution scheme, and we give a tight bound on the required amount of privacy amplification. Our proof consists of the following steps. We construct an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-09 Daan Leermakers , Boris Skoric

The theory of quantum cryptography aims to guarantee unconditional information-theoretic security against an omnipotent eavesdropper. In many practical scenarios, however, the assumption of an all-powerful adversary is excessive and can be…

Excess noise is a major obstacle to high-performance continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD), which is mainly derived from the amplitude attenuation and phase fluctuation of quantum signals caused by channel instability. Here,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-22 Kexin Liang , Geng Chai , Zhengwen Cao , Qing Wang , Lei Wang , Jinye Peng

Quantum key distribution performs the trick of growing a secret key in two distant places connected by a quantum channel. The main reason is that the legitimate users can bound the information gathered by the eavesdropper. In practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-03 David Elkouss , Jesus Martinez-Mateo , Vicente Martin

Discrete-variable (DV) quantum key distribution (QKD) based on single-photon detectors and sources have been successfully deployed for long-range secure key distribution. On the other hand, continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-24 Sebastian P. Kish , Patrick J. Gleeson , Angus Walsh , Ping Koy Lam , Syed M. Assad

We present a simple method to obtain an upper bound on the achievable secret key rate in quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols that use only unidirectional classical communication during the public-discussion phase. This method is based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Tobias Moroder , Marcos Curty , Norbert Lütkenhaus

In recent years quantum information research has lead to the discovery of a number of remarkable new paradigms for information processing and communication. These developments include quantum cryptography schemes that offer unconditionally…

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) enables a dealer to securely distribute keys to multiple players. Device-independent (DI) QSS can resist all possible attacks from practical imperfect devices and provide QSS the highest level of security in…

We investigate the performance of continuous variable quantum key distribution scheme in a practical setting. More specifically, we take non-ideal error reconciliation procedure into account. The quantum channel connecting the two honest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Matthias Heid , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum Cryptography is on the verge of commercial application. One of its greatest limitations is over long distance - secret key rates are low and the longest fibre over which any key has been exchanged is currently 100 km. We investigate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-23 Daniel Collins , Nicolas Gisin , Hugues de Riedmatten

We obtain strict upper bounds on the bit transmission rate for communication of Classical bit codewords over Quantum channels. Albeit previous arguments in arXiv: 1804.01797 which have demonstrated that lower bounds can be shown to hold for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Pete Rigas

Reference-frame-independent (RFI) quantum key distribution (QKD) presents promising advantages, especially for mobile-platform-based implementations, as it eliminates the need for active reference frame calibration. While RFI-QKD has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-07 Zhiyu Tian , Ziran Xie , Rong Wang , Chunmei Zhang , Shihai Sun

In quantum key distribution (QKD), the bit error rate is used to estimate the information leakage and hence determines the amount of privacy amplification --- making the final key private by shortening the key. In general, there exists a…

We outline a straightforward approach for obtaining a secret key rate using only no-signaling constraints and linear programming. Assuming an individual attack, we consider all possible joint probabilities. Initially, we study only the case…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-20 Won-Young Hwang , Joonwoo Bae , Nathan Killoran

Most quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols can be classified as either a discrete-variable (DV) protocol or continuous-variable (CV) protocol, based on how classical information is being encoded. We propose a protocol that combines the…

A continuous variable (CV), measurement device independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol is analyzed, enabling three parties to connect for quantum conferencing. We utilise a generalised Bell detection at an untrusted relay…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-19 Alasdair I. Fletcher , Stefano Pirandola

Quantum key distribution is widely thought to offer unconditional security in communication between two users. Unfortunately, a widely accepted proof of its security in the presence of source, device and channel noises has been missing.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Hoi-Kwong Lo , H. F. Chau

We study the properties of output distributions of noisy, random circuits. We obtain upper and lower bounds on the expected distance of the output distribution from the "useless" uniform distribution. These bounds are tight with respect to…

Continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) can address vulnerabilities on the detection side of a QKD system. The core of this protocol involves continuous-variable Bell measurements performed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Yanhao Sun , Ziyang Chen , Xiangyu Wang , Song Yu , Hong Guo

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure communication method that utilizes the principles of quantum mechanics to establish secret keys. The central task in the study of QKD is to prove security in the presence of an eavesdropper with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-14 Sirui Peng , Xiaoming Sun , Hongyi Zhou
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