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WebAssembly is a new binary instruction format that allows targeted compiled code written in high-level languages to be executed with near-native speed by the browser's JavaScript engine. However, given that WebAssembly binaries can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Tiago Brito , Pedro Lopes , Nuno Santos , José Fragoso Santos

WebAssembly (abbreviated as Wasm) was initially introduced for the Web but quickly extended its reach into various domains beyond the Web. To create Wasm applications, developers can compile high-level programming languages into Wasm…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Yixuan Zhang , Mugeng Liu , Haoyu Wang , Yun Ma , Gang Huang , Xuanzhe Liu

A key strength of managed runtimes over hardware is the ability to gain detailed insight into the dynamic execution of programs with instrumentation. Analyses such as code coverage, execution frequency, tracing, and debugging, are all made…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Ben L. Titzer , Elizabeth Gilbert , Bradley Wei Jie Teo , Yash Anand , Kazuyuki Takayama , Heather Miller

Debugging and monitoring programs are integral to engineering and deploying software. Dynamic analyses monitor applications through source code or IR injection, machine code or bytecode rewriting, and virtual machine or direct hardware…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Elizabeth Gilbert , Matthew Schneider , Zixi An , Suhas Thalanki , Wavid Bowman , Alexander Bai , Ben L. Titzer , Heather Miller

WebAssembly, or Wasm, is a low-level binary language that enables execution of near-native-performance code in web browsers. Wasm has proven to be useful in applications including gaming, audio and video processing, and cloud computing,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Mohammad Robati Shirzad , Patrick Lam

WebAssembly is revolutionizing the approach to developing modern applications. Although this technology was born to create portable and performant modules in web browsers, currently, its capabilities are extensively exploited in multiple…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Gaetano Perrone , Simon Pietro Romano

WebAssembly (Wasm) has become a key compilation target for portable and efficient execution across diverse platforms. Benchmarking its performance, however, is a multi-dimensional challenge: it depends not only on the choice of runtime…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Riccardo Carissimi , Ben L. Titzer

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a low-level bytecode format that can run in modern browsers. With the development of standalone runtimes and the improvement of the WebAssembly System Interface (WASI), Wasm has further provided a more complete…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Chenxi Mao , Yuxin Su , Shiwen Shan , Dan Li

WebAssembly is a binary format for code that is gaining popularity thanks to its focus on portability and performance. Currently, the most common use case for WebAssembly is execution in a browser. It is also being increasingly adopted as a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Mattia Paccamiccio , Franco Raimondi , Michele Loreti

As JavaScript has been criticized for performance and security issues in web applications, WebAssembly (Wasm) was proposed in 2017 and is regarded as the complementation for JavaScript. Due to its advantages like compact-size, native-like…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Ningyu He , Shangtong Cao , Haoyu Wang , Yao Guo , Xiapu Luo

WebAssembly is a low-level bytecode language that allows high-level languages like C, C++, and Rust to be executed in the browser at near-native performance. In recent years, WebAssembly has gained widespread adoption is now natively…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Håkon Harnes , Donn Morrison

WebAssembly (abbreviated Wasm) has emerged as a cornerstone of web development, offering a compact binary format that allows high-performance applications to run at near-native speeds in web browsers. Despite its advantages, Wasm's binary…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Xinyu She , Yanjie Zhao , Haoyu Wang

Binary rewriting is a widely adopted technique in software analysis. WebAssembly (Wasm), as an emerging bytecode format, has attracted great attention from our community. Unfortunately, there is no general-purpose binary rewriting framework…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Shangtong Cao , Ningyu He , Yao Guo , Haoyu Wang

Web client fingerprinting has become a widely used technique for uniquely identifying users, browsers, operating systems, and devices with high accuracy. While it is beneficial for applications such as fraud detection and personalized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mordechai Guri , Dor Fibert

WebAssembly (wasm) has recently emerged as a promisingly portable, size-efficient, fast, and safe binary format for the web. As WebAssembly can interact freely with JavaScript libraries, this gives rise to a potential for undesirable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-06 William Fu , Raymond Lin , Daniel Inge

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a binary instruction format designed for secure and efficient execution within sandboxed environments -- predominantly web apps and browsers -- to facilitate performance, security, and flexibility of web programming…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Muhammad Waseem , Teerath Das , Aakash Ahmad , Peng Liang , Tommi Mikkonen

Software based fault isolation (SFI) is a powerful approach to reduce the impact of security vulnerabilities in large C/C++ applications like Firefox and Apache. Unfortunately, practical SFI tools have not been broadly available. Developing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Shravan Narayan , Tal Garfinkel , Sorin Lerner , Hovav Shacham , Deian Stefan

WebAssembly seeks to provide an alternative to running large and untrusted binaries within web browsers by implementing a portable, performant, and secure bytecode format for native web computation. However, WebAssembly is largely unstudied…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Aron Szanto , Timothy Tamm , Artidoro Pagnoni

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a low-level bytecode language and virtual machine, intended as a compilation target for a wide range of programming languages, which is seeing increasing adoption across diverse ecosystems. As a young technology, Wasm…

WebAssembly (Wasm) is rapidly gaining popularity as a distribution format for software components embedded in various security-critical domains. Unfortunately, despite its prudent design, WebAssembly's primary use case as a compilation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Markus Scherer , Jeppe Fredsgaard Blaabjerg , Alexander Sjösten , Matteo Maffei
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