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Simulating a network of Ising spins with physical systems is now emerging as a promising approach for solving mathematically intractable problems. Here we report a large-scale network of artificial spins based on degenerate optical…

Finding the ground states of the Ising Hamiltonian [1] maps to various combinatorial optimization problems in biology, medicine, wireless communications, artificial intelligence, and social network. So far no efficient classical and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-30 Alireza Marandi , Zhe Wang , Kenta Takata , Robert L. Byer , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

The vision of building computational hardware for problem optimization has spurred large efforts in the physics community. In particular, networks of Kerr parametric oscillators (KPOs) are envisioned as simulators for finding the ground…

Microresonator-based degenerate optical parametric oscillation (DOPO) has recently been explored as a compelling platform for all-optical computing and quantum information applications, such as truly random number generation and the…

We derive the steady state solution of the Fokker-Planck equation that describes the dynamics of the nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator in the truncated Wigner representation of the density operator. We assume that the pump mode is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-24 K. Dechoum , M. D. Hahn , R. O. Vallejos , A. Z. Khoury

Networks of coupled Kerr parametric oscillators (KPOs) hold promise as for the realization of neuromorphic and quantum computation. Yet, their rich bifurcation structure remains largely not understood. Here, we employ secular perturbation…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-01-16 Orjan Ameye , Alex Eichler , Oded Zilberberg

Oscillator Ising machines (OIMs) are networks of coupled oscillators that seek the minimum energy state of an Ising model. Since many NP-hard problems are equivalent to the minimization of an Ising Hamiltonian, OIMs have emerged as a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Ahmed Allibhoy , Arthur N. Montanari , Fabio Pasqualetti , Adilson E. Motter

Cluster states are versatile quantum resources and an essential building block for measurement-based quantum computing. The possibility to generate cluster states in specific systems may thus serve as an indicator regarding if and to what…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-19 Zheng-Yang Zhou , Clemens Gneiting , J. Q. You , Franco Nori

Integrated microring resonators have a broad range of applications in diverse fields with the potential to design compact, robust, energy-efficient devices crucial for quantum applications. Degenerate optical parametric oscillations (DOPOs)…

We study large networks of parametric oscillators as heuristic solvers of random Ising models. In these networks, known as coherent Ising machines, the model to be solved is encoded in the coupling between the oscillators, and a solution is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-04-12 Marcello Calvanese Strinati , Leon Bello , Emanuele G. Dalla Torre , Avi Pe'er

Networks of coupled nonlinear oscillators are emerging as powerful physical platforms for implementing Ising machines. Yet the relationship between parametric-oscillator implementations and traditional oscillator-based Ising machines…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Nikhat Khan , E. M. H. E. B. Ekanayake , Nicolas Casilli , Cristian Cassella , Luke Theogarajan , Nikhil Shukla

It has recently been shown that optical parametric oscillator (OPO) Ising machines, consisting of coupled optical pulses circulating in a cavity with parametric gain, can be used to probabilistically find low-energy states of Ising spin…

The need for solving optimization problems is prevalent in a wide range of physical applications, including neuroscience, network design, biological systems, socio-economics, and chemical reactions. Many of these are classified as…

This paper investigates the state estimation problem for a class of complex networks, in which the dynamics of each node is subject to Gaussian noise, system uncertainties and nonlinearities. Based on a regularized least-squares approach,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-16 Peihu Duan , Qishao Wang , Zhisheng Duan , Guanrong Chen

Integrated photonics has enabled a wide class of chip-scale light sources and quantum technologies. Within this field, microresonator-based degenerate optical parametric oscillators (DOPOs) have gained prominence. Above a critical power…

Many tasks in our modern life, such as planning an efficient travel, image processing and optimizing integrated circuit design, are modeled as complex combinatorial optimization problems with binary variables. Such problems can be mapped to…

Ising machines, which are dynamical systems designed to operate in a parallel and iterative manner, have emerged as a new paradigm for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Despite computational advantages, the quality of solutions…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-30 Shu Zhou , K. Y. Michael Wong , Juntao Wang , David Shui Wing Hui , Daniel Ebler , Jie Sun

Optical Ising machines promise to solve complex optimization problems with an optical hardware acceleration advantage. Here we study the ground state properties of a nonlinear optical Ising machine realized by spatial light modulator,…

Optics · Physics 2023-02-20 Santosh Kumar , Zhaotong Li , Ting Bu , Chunlei Qu , Yuping Huang

Coherent Ising machine (CIM) implemented by degenerate optical parametric oscillator (DOPO) networks can solve some combinatorial optimization problems. However, when the network structure has a certain type of symmetry, optimal solutions…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2020-07-20 Seiya Amoh , Daisuke Ito , Tetsushi Ueta

A non-equilibrium open-dissipative neural network, such as a coherent Ising machine based on mutually coupled optical parametric oscillators, has been proposed and demonstrated as a novel computing machine for hard combinatorial…

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