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The Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is a popular similarity measure between time series. The DTW fails to satisfy the triangle inequality and its computation requires quadratic time. Hence, to find closest neighbors quickly, we use bounding…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-01-16 Daniel Lemire

Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is a popular similarity measure for aligning and comparing time series. Due to DTW's high computation time, lower bounds are often employed to screen poor matches. Many alternative lower bounds have been proposed,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Geoffrey I. Webb , Francois Petitjean

The Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is a popular similarity measure between time series. The DTW fails to satisfy the triangle inequality and its computation requires quadratic time. Hence, to find closest neighbors quickly, we use bounding…

Databases · Computer Science 2008-10-07 Daniel Lemire

Dynamic time warping distance (DTW) is a widely used distance measure between time series. The best known algorithms for computing DTW run in near quadratic time, and conditional lower bounds prohibit the existence of significantly faster…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-27 William Kuszmaul

Dynamic time warping ($\texttt{DTW}$) is one of the most used distance functions to compare time series, e.$\,$g. in nearest neighbor classifiers. Yet, fast state of the art algorithms only compare 1-dimensional time series efficiently. One…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Jörg P. Bachmann , Johann-Christoph Freytag

1-Nearest Neighbor with the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) distance is one of the most effective classifiers on time series domain. Since the global constraint has been introduced in speech community, many global constraint models have been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-03-03 Vit Niennattrakul , Chotirat Ann Ratanamahatana

The Dynamic Time Warping ("DTW") distance is widely used in time series analysis, be it for classification, clustering or similarity search. However, its quadratic time complexity prevents it from scaling. Strategies, based on early…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Matthieu Herrmann , Geoffrey I. Webb

Dynamic time warping (DTW) plays an important role in analytics on time series. Despite the large body of research on speeding up univariate DTW, the method for multivariate DTW has not been improved much in the last two decades. The most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Daniel Shen , Min Chi

The Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) distance is a popular similarity measure for polygonal curves (i.e., sequences of points). It finds many theoretical and practical applications, especially for temporal data, and is known to be a robust,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Karl Bringmann , Nick Fischer , Ivor van der Hoog , Evangelos Kipouridis , Tomasz Kociumaka , Eva Rotenberg

Many applications generate and consume temporal data and retrieval of time series is a key processing step in many application domains. Dynamic time warping (DTW) distance between time series of size N and M is computed relying on a dynamic…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-08-02 K. Selçuk Candan , Rosaria Rossini , Maria Luisa Sapino , Xiaolan Wang

Dynamic Time Wrapping (DTW) is a widely used algorithm for measuring similarities between two time series. It is especially valuable in a wide variety of applications, such as clustering, anomaly detection, classification, or video…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Hugo Lerogeron , Romain Picot-Clemente , Alain Rakotomamonjy , Laurent Heutte

Dynamic time warping (DTW) is a robust similarity measure of time series. However, it does not satisfy triangular inequality and has high computational complexity, severely limiting its applications in similarity search on large-scale…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Zhengxin Li

Nearest neighbor search under elastic distances is a key tool for time series analysis, supporting many applications. However, straightforward implementations of distances require $O(n^2)$ space and time complexities, preventing these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Matthieu Herrmann , Geoffrey I. Webb

Neural networks have achieved remarkable success in time series classification, but their reliance on large amounts of labeled data for training limits their applicability in cold-start scenarios. Moreover, they lack interpretability,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jintao Qu , Zichong Wang , Chenhao Wu , Wenbin Zhang

The classification of time series data is a well-studied problem with numerous practical applications, such as medical diagnosis and speech recognition. A popular and effective approach is to classify new time series in the same way as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Ricards Marcinkevics , Steven Kelk , Carlo Galuzzi , Berthold Stegemann

It is well understood that Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is effective in revealing similarities between time series that do not align perfectly. In this paper, we illustrate this on spectroscopy time-series data. We show that DTW is effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Vivek Mahato , Pádraig Cunningham

Modern applications such as voice recognition rely on the ability to compare signals to pre-recorded ones to classify them. However, this comparison typically needs to ignore differences due to signal noise, temporal offset, signal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Arvind Seshan

Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is a well-known similarity measure for time series. The standard dynamic programming approach to compute the DTW distance of two length-$n$ time series, however, requires~$O(n^2)$ time, which is often too slow for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Vincent Froese , Brijnesh Jain , Maciej Rymar , Mathias Weller

Time Series Clustering is an important subroutine in many higher-level data mining analyses, including data editing for classifiers, summarization, and outlier detection. It is well known that for similarity search the superiority of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-05 Nurjahan Begum , Liudmila Ulanova , Hoang Anh Dau , Jun Wang , Eamonn Keogh

Elastic distances like dynamic time warping (DTW) are central to time series machine learning because they compare sequences under local temporal misalignment. Soft-DTW is an adaptation of DTW that can be used as a gradient-based loss by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Christopher Holder , Anthony Bagnall
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