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The Perron-Frobenius theorem of nonnegative matrices is a classical result on spectral theory of matrices, which has wide applications in many domains. In this paper, we give the Perron-Frobenius theorem for dual tensors, that is, a dual…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Changjiang Bu , Yue Chu , Qingying Zhang , Jiang Zhou

We prove an analog of Perron-Frobenius theorem for multilinear forms with nonnegative coefficients, and more generally, for polynomial maps with nonnegative coefficients. We determine the geometric convergence rate of the power algorithm to…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2011-12-30 S. Friedland , S. Gaubert , L. Han

We study the combinatorial and algebraic properties of Nonnegative Matrices. Our results are divided into three different categories. 1. We show a quantitative generalization of the 100 year-old Perron-Frobenius theorem, a fundamental…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-20 Jenish C. Mehta

We introduce the concept of shape partition of a tensor and formulate a general tensor eigenvalue problem that includes all previously studied eigenvalue problems as special cases. We formulate irreducibility and symmetry properties of a…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-25 Antoine Gautier , Francesco Tudisco , Matthias Hein

In 1907, Oskar Perron showed that a positive square matrix has a unique largest positive eigenvalue with a positive eigenvector. This result was extended to irreducible nonnegative matrices by Geog Frobenius in 1912, and to irreducible…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-12-08 Shenglong Hu , Liqun Qi

If A is a nonnegative matrix whose associated directed graph is strongly connected, the Perron-Frobenius theorem asserts that A has an eigenvector in the positive cone, (R^+)^n. We associate a directed graph to any homogeneous, monotone…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Stephane Gaubert , Jeremy Gunawardena

We prove that if an $n\times n$ matrix defined over ${\mathbb Q}_p$ (or more generally an arbitrary complete, discretely-valued, non-Archimedean field) satisfies a certain congruence property, then it has a strictly maximal eigenvalue in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-08 Robert Costa , Patrick Dynes , Clayton Petsche

Tubal scalars are usual vectors, and tubal matrices are matrices with every element being a tubal scalar. Such a matrix is often recognized as a third-order tensor. The product between tubal scalars, tubal vectors, and tubal matrices can be…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-28 Yuning Yang , Junwei Zhang

We introduce the notion of order-preserving multi-homogeneous mapping which allows to study Perron-Frobenius type theorems and nonnegative tensors in unified fashion. We prove a weak and strong Perron-Frobenius theorem for these maps and…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-13 Antoine Gautier , Francesco Tudisco , Matthias Hein

The Perron-Frobenius theory for nonnegative matrices has been generalized to order-preserving homogeneous mappings on a cone and more recently to nonnegative multilinear forms. We unify both approaches by introducing the concept of…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-25 Antoine Gautier , Francesco Tudisco , Matthias Hein

The uniqueness of the Perron vector of a nonnegative block matrix associated to a multiplex network is discussed. The conclusions come from the relationships between the irreducibility of some nonnegative block matrix associated to a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-23 Miguel Romance , Luis Solá , Julio Flores , Esther García , Alejandro García del Amo , Regino Criado

We will represent the so-called Perron-Frobenius eigenvector (if exists) for infinite non-negative matrix $A$ and Metzler matrix by using its corresponding Markov chain with probability transition function.

Probability · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Qian Du , Yong-Hua Mao

Power nonnegative matrices are defined as complex matrices having at least one nonnegative integer power. We exploit the possibility of deriving a Perron Frobenius-like theory for these matrices, obtaining three main results and drawing…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-11-21 F. Tudisco , V. Cardinali , C. Di Fiore

A weak version of Birkhoff's generalization of the Perron-Frobenius theorem states that every endomorphism of a finite-dimensional real vector that leaves invariant a non-degenerate closed convex cone has an eigenvector in that cone. Here,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-10 Clément de Seguins Pazzis

We show that Connes' embedding conjecture on von Neumann algebras is equivalent to the existence of certain algebraic certificates for a polynomial in noncommuting variables to satisfy the following nonnegativity condition: The trace is…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2011-04-19 Igor Klep , Markus Schweighofer

It is known that for a totally positive (TP) matrix, the eigenvalues are positive and distinct and the eigenvector associated with the smallest eigenvalue is totally nonzero and has an alternating sign pattern. Here, a certain weakening of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-30 Charles R. Johnson , Roberto S. Costas-Santos , Boris Tadchiev

We develop the Perron-Frobenius theory using a variational approach and extend it to a set of arbitrary matrices, including those that are neither irreducible nor essentially positive, and non-preserved cones. We introduce a new concept…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-07-19 Yavdat Il'yasov , Nurmukhamet Valeev

We consider multiplicative semigroups of real dxd matrices. A semigroup S is called Perron if each of its matrices has a Perron eigenvalue, i.e., an eigenvalue equal to the spectral radius. If all matrices of S leave a proper convex cone…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Vladimir Yu. Protasov

Let $x_1, \dots, x_n$ be points in a metric space and define the distance matrix $D \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$ by ${D}_{ij} = d(x_i, x_j)$. The Perron-Frobenius Theorem implies that there is an eigenvector $v \in \mathbb{R}^n_{}$ with…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-07 Stefan Steinerberger

We show that for a nonnegative tensor, a best nonnegative rank-r approximation is almost always unique, its best rank-one approximation may always be chosen to be a best nonnegative rank-one approximation, and that the set of nonnegative…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-02-16 Yang Qi , Pierre Comon , Lek-Heng Lim
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