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Related papers: Recent Progress in Fighting Ghosts in Quantum Grav…

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Negative kinetic energies correspond to ghost degrees of freedom, which are potentially of relevance for cosmology, quantum gravity, and high energy physics. We present a novel wide class of stable mechanical systems where a positive energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-02 Cédric Deffayet , Aaron Held , Shinji Mukohyama , Alexander Vikman

Ghost fields have reemerged in a handful of phenomenologically motivated cosmological and particle physics scenarios, and most recently in a cyclic mechanism to address the fine-tuning of gauge couplings in the standard model. We study the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-07-11 Stephon Alexander , Sam Cormack , David Lowe , Robert Sims

We analyze the unitarity properties of higher derivative quantum field theories which are free of ghosts and ultraviolet singularities. We point out that in spite of the absence of ghosts most of these theories are not unitary. This result…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-09-03 Manuel Asorey , Lesław Rachwał , Ilya Shapiro

One of the remarkable differences between renormalizable quantum gravity with four-derivative action and its superrenormalizable polynomial generalizations is that the latter admit a more sophisticated particle mass spectrum. Already in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-17 Manuel Asorey , Gastao Krein , Miguel Pardina , Ilya L. Shapiro

Recent work has shown that non-local modifications of the Einstein equations can have interesting cosmological consequences and can provide a dynamical origin for dark energy, consistent with existing data. At first sight these theories are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-17 Stefano Foffa , Michele Maggiore , Ermis Mitsou

We quantise integrable point-particle systems with opposite-sign kinetic terms and nontrivial interactions. Using methods from separability theory, we show that previously determined classical stability conditions also imply discrete…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-29 Cédric Deffayet , Atabak Fathe Jalali , Aaron Held , Shinji Mukohyama , Alexander Vikman

We give a simple discussion of ghosts, unitarity violation, negative norm states and quantum vs classical behavior in the simplest model with four derivative action - the Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator. We also point out that the normalizable…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-09-04 Ibrahim Burak Ilhan , Alex Kovner

In this work we shall address the ghost issue of $F\left( R,\mathcal{G} \right)$ gravity, which is known to be plagued with ghost degrees of freedom. These ghosts occur due to the presence of higher than two derivatives in the field…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-19 S. Nojiri , S. D. Odintsov , V. K. Oikonomou , Arkady A. Popov

Theories with infinite volume extra dimensions open exciting opportunities for particle physics. We argued recently that along with attractive features there are phenomenological difficulties in this class of models. In fact, there is no…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 G. Dvali , G. Gabadadze , M. Porrati

We review the formulation of quantum field theories with purely virtual particles, a new type of degrees of freedom that can mediate interactions without ever appear as external on-shell states. This property allows to solve the problem of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-09-18 Marco Piva

We investigate the problems of ghosts and stability in the framework of asymptotical safe theory of gravity in the Minkowski background. Within one loop corrections, we obtain explicitly the constraints on the coupling parameters. Applying…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-12-06 Changjun Gao , Anzhong Wang

We explore the possibility that theories with negative kinetic energy (ghosts) can be meta-stable up to cosmologically long times. In classical mechanics, ghosts undergo spontaneous lockdown rather than run-away if weakly-coupled and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-06-23 Christian Gross , Alessandro Strumia , Daniele Teresi , Matteo Zirilli

In this paper we study perturbatively an extension of the Stelle higher derivative gravity involving an infinite number of derivative terms. We know that the usual quadratic action is renormalizable but is not unitary because of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-02-02 Leonardo Modesto

We study the creation and evolution of cosmological perturbations in renormalizable quadratic gravity with a Weyl term. We adopt a prescription that implies the stability of the vacuum at the price of introducing a massive spin-two ghost…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-12-13 Mikhail M. Ivanov , Anna A. Tokareva

The new ekpyrotic scenario attempts to solve the singularity problem by involving violation of the null energy condition in a model which combines the ekpyrotic/cyclic scenario with the ghost condensate theory and the curvaton mechanism of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-29 Renata Kallosh , Jin U Kang , Andrei Linde , Viatcheslav Mukhanov

This chapter of the Handbook of Quantum Gravity aims to illustrate how nonlocality can be implemented in field theories, as well as the manner it solves fundamental difficulties of gravitational theories. We review Stelle's quadratic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-11-11 Arnau Bas i Beneito , Gianluca Calcagni , Lesław Rachwał

In this manuscript we will present the theoretical framework of the recently proposed infinite derivative theory of gravity with a non-symmetric connection. We will explicitly derive the field equations at the linear level and obtain new…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-21 Álvaro de la Cruz-Dombriz , Francisco José Maldonado Torralba , Anupam Mazumdar

We analyze the perturbative implications of the most general high derivative approach to quantum gravity based on a diffeomorphism invariant local action. In particular, we consider the super-renormalizable case with a large number of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 M. Asorey , J. L. López , I. L. Shapiro

The unphysical spin-2 massive degrees of freedom in higher derivative gravity may be either massive unphysical ghosts or tachyonic ghosts. In the last case there is no Planck-scale threshold protecting vacuum cosmological solutions from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-24 Giulia Cusin , Filipe de O. Salles , Ilya L. Shapiro

We first find the linear approximation of the second plus fourth order derivative massive conformal gravity action. Then we reduce the linearized action to separated second order derivative terms, which allows us to quantize the theory by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-04-08 F. F. Faria