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We present the first minimax risk bounds for estimators of the spectral measure in multivariate linear factor models, where observations are linear combinations of regularly varying latent factors. Non-asymptotic convergence rates are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Xuhui Zhang , Jose Blanchet , Youssef Marzouk , Viet Anh Nguyen , Sven Wang

We study the discrimination of N mixed quantum states in an optimal measurement that maximizes the probability of correct results while the probability of inconclusive results is fixed at a given value. After considering the discrimination…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Ulrike Herzog

We consider the estimation of quadratic functionals in a Gaussian sequence model where the eigenvalues are supposed to be unknown and accessible through noisy observations only. Imposing smoothness assumptions both on the signal and the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-16 Martin Kroll

For systems analogous to a linear harmonic oscillator, the simplest way to characterize the state is by a covariance matrix containing the symmetrically-ordered moments of operators analogous to position and momentum. We show that using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-25 László Ruppert , Vladyslav C. Usenko , Radim Filip

Intrinsic randomness is generated when a quantum state is measured in any basis in which it is not diagonal. In an adversarial scenario, we quantify this randomness by the probability that a correlated eavesdropper could correctly guess the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Fionnuala Curran

We consider the linear regression problem of estimating an unknown, deterministic parameter vector based on measurements corrupted by colored Gaussian noise. We present and analyze blind minimax estimators (BMEs), which consist of a bounded…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-09-26 Zvika Ben-Haim , Yonina C. Eldar

We characterize minimal measurement setups for validating the quantum coherence of an unknown quantum state. We show that for a $d$-level system, the optimal strategy consists of measuring $d$ orthonormal bases such that each measured basis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-27 Claudio Carmeli , Teiko Heinosaari , Sabrina Maniscalco , Jussi Schultz , Alessandro Toigo

Using the necessary and sufficient conditions, minimum error discrimination among two sets of similarity transformed equiprobable quantum qudit states is investigated. In the case that the unitary operators are generating sets of two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-25 M. A. Jafarizadeh , Y. Mazhari Khiavi , Y. Akbari Kourbolagh

In quantum state tomography, the estimated frequencies do not correspond directly to a physical quantum state, due to statistical fluctuations. Thus, one resorts to point estimators that return the state that matches observations the best,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-09 Sacha Schwarz , Bruno Eckmann , Denis Rosset , André Stefanov

We present a generic study of unambiguous discrimination between two mixed quantum states. We derive operational optimality conditions and show that the optimal measurements can be classified according to their rank. In Hilbert space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-10 M. Kleinmann , H. Kampermann , D. Bruss

Knowledge of optimal quantum measurements is important for a wide range of situations, including quantum communication and quantum metrology. Quantum measurements are usually optimised with an ideal experimental realisation in mind. Real…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Erika Andersson

This paper is a follow-up to Maruyama and Strawderman (2006, Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference), which identified a new class of generalized Bayes estimators with a particularly simple form for estimating a normal variance under…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Yuzo Maruyama

The optimal discrimination of non-orthogonal quantum states with minimum error probability is a fundamental task in quantum measurement theory as well as an important primitive in optical communication. In this work, we propose and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 C. Wittmann , M. Takeoka , K. N. Cassemiro , M. Sasaki , G. Leuchs , U. L. Andersen

We investigate an optimization problem of finding quantum sequential measurements, which forms a wide class of state discrimination problems with the restriction that only sequential measurements are allowed. Sequential measurements from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-02 Kenji Nakahira , Kentaro Kato , Tsuyoshi Sasaki Usuda

This expository article gives an overview of the theory of hypothesis testing of quantum states in finite dimensional Hilbert spaces. Optimal measurement strategy for testing binary quantum hypotheses, which result in minimum error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-14 J. Prabhu Tej , Syed Raunaq Ahmed , A. R. Usha Devi , A. K. Rajagopal

In hypothesis testing with quantum states, given a black box containing one of the two possible states, measurement is performed to detect in favor of one of the hypotheses. In postselected hypothesis testing, a third outcome is added,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Saurabh Kumar Gupta , Abhishek K. Gupta

We present the first experimental demonstration of the maximum confidence measurement strategy for quantum state discrimination. Applying this strategy to an arbitrary set of states assigns to each input state a measurement outcome which,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Peter J. Mosley , Sarah Croke , Ian A. Walmsley , Stephen M. Barnett

Knowing and guessing, these are two essential epistemological pillars in the theory of quantum-mechanical measurement. As formulated quantum mechanics is a statistical theory. In general, a priori unknown states can be completely determined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. Buzek , G. Drobny , R. Derka , G. Adam , H. Wiedemann

We propose quantum devices that can realize probabilistically different projective measurements on a qubit. The desired measurement basis is selected by the quantum state of a program register. First we analyze the phase-covariant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jaromir Fiurasek , Miloslav Dusek

This article discusses estimation of a multivariate normal mean based on heteroscedastic observations. Under heteroscedasticity, estimators shrinking more on the coordinates with larger variances, seem desirable. Although they are not…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-23 Yuzo Maruyama , Lawrence D. Brown , Edward I. George