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Related papers: Variational Quantum Factoring

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Integer factorization is a significant problem, with implications for the security of widely-used cryptographic schemes. No efficient classical algorithm for polynomial-time integer factorization has been found despite extensive research.…

The road to computing on quantum devices has been accelerated by the promises that come from using Shor's algorithm to reduce the complexity of prime factorization. However, this promise hast not yet been realized due to noisy qubits and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-22 Raja Selvarajan , Vivek Dixit , Xingshan Cui , Travis S. Humble , Sabre Kais

We study the performance and resource usage of the variational quantum factoring (VQF) algorithm for different instance sizes and optimization algorithms. Our simulations show better chance of finding the ground state when using VQE rather…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-16 Vivian Phan , Arttu Pönni , Matti Raasakka , Ilkka Tittonen

Quantum algorithms are at the heart of the ongoing efforts to use quantum mechanics to solve computational problems unsolvable on ordinary classical computers. Their common feature is the use of genuine quantum properties such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Giuseppe Mussardo , Andrea Trombettoni

Considering its relevance in the field of cryptography, integer factorization is a prominent application where Quantum computers are expected to have a substantial impact. Thanks to Shor's algorithm this peculiar problem can be solved in…

Variational algorithm using Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) can solve the prime factorization problem in near-term noisy quantum computers. Conventional Variational Quantum Factoring (VQF) requires a large number of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Ling Qiu , Mahabubul Alam , Abdullah Ash-Saki , Swaroop Ghosh

Prime factorization on quantum processors is typically implemented either via circuit-based approaches such as Shor's algorithm or through Hamiltonian optimization methods based on adiabatic, annealing, or variational techniques. While…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 K. B. Hari Krishnan , Vishal Varma , T. S. Mahesh

With the advancement of quantum technologies, there is a potential threat to traditional encryption systems based on integer factorization. Therefore, developing techniques for accurately measuring the performance of associated quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-20 Junseo Lee

Shor's algorithm for integer factorization offers an exponential speedup over classical methods but remains impractical on Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware due to the need for many coherent qubits and very deep circuits.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Alok Shukla , Prakash Vedula

In recent years, advancements in quantum chip technology, such as Willow, have contributed to reducing quantum computation error rates, potentially accelerating the practical adoption of quantum computing. As a result, the design of quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Abel C. H. Chen

The Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) is a fundamental component of many quantum computing algorithms. In this paper, we present an alternative method for factoring this transformation. Inspired by this approach, we introduce a new quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Juan M. Romero , Emiliano Montoya-González , Guillermo Cruz , Roberto C. Romero

We consider a version of Shor's quantum factoring algorithm such that the quantum Fourier transform is replaced by an extremely simple one where decomposition coefficients take only the values of $1,i,-1,-i$. In numerous calculations which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Felix M Lev

This paper presents a hybrid quantum-classical approach to prime factorization. The proposed algorithm is based on the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE), which employs a classical optimizer to find the ground state of a given…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-21 Mona Sobhani , Yahui Chai , Tobias Hartung , Karl Jansen

In the near-term, hybrid quantum-classical algorithms hold great potential for outperforming classical approaches. Understanding how these two computing paradigms work in tandem is critical for identifying areas where such hybrid algorithms…

Quantum enhanced optimization of classical cost functions is a central theme of quantum computing due to its high potential value in science and technology. The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and the quantum approximate optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Giuseppe Scriva , Nikita Astrakhantsev , Sebastiano Pilati , Guglielmo Mazzola

Shor's quantum factoring algorithm finds the prime factors of a large number exponentially faster than any other known method a task that lies at the heart of modern information security, particularly on the internet. This algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-09 Alberto Politi , Jonathan C. F. Matthews , Jeremy L. O'Brien

Integer factorization is a computational problem of fundamental importance in cybersecurity and secure communications, as its difficulty form the basis of modern public-key cryptography. While Shor's algorithm can solve this problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Felip Pellicer

The state-of-the-art quantum computing hardware has entered the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. Having been constrained by the limited number of qubits and shallow circuit depth, NISQ devices have nevertheless demonstrated the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-23 Guanglei Xu , Yi-Bin Guo , Xuan Li , Zong-Sheng Zhou , Hai-Jun Liao , T. Xiang

Shor's factoring algorithm illustrates the potential power of quantum computation. Here we present and numerically investigate a proposal for a compiled version of such an algorithm based on a quantum-wire network exploiting the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-14 Fabrizio Buscemi

The number of steps any classical computer requires in order to find the prime factors of an $l$-digit integer $N$ increases exponentially with $l$, at least using algorithms known at present. Factoring large integers is therefore…

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