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Recently, the Log-Structured Merge-tree (LSM-tree) has been widely adopted for use in the storage layer of modern NoSQL systems. Because of this, there have been a large number of research efforts, from both the database community and the…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-07-22 Chen Luo , Michael J. Carey

The Log-Structured Merge-Tree (LSM-tree) has been widely adopted for use in modern NoSQL systems for its superior write performance. Despite the popularity of LSM-trees, they have been criticized for suffering from write stalls and large…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Chen Luo , Michael J. Carey

Log-Structured Merge-trees (LSM-trees) have been widely used in modern NoSQL systems. Due to their out-of-place update design, LSM-trees have introduced memory walls among the memory components of multiple LSM-trees and between the write…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Chen Luo , Michael J. Carey

Modern databases typically makes use of the Log Structured Merge-Tree for organizing data in indexes, which is a kind of disk-based data structure. It was proposed to efficiently handle frequent update queries (also called update intensive…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Supriya Mishra

Many applications require update-intensive workloads on spatial objects, e.g., social-network services and shared-riding services that track moving objects. By buffering insert and delete operations in memory, the Log Structured Merge Tree…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Jaewoo Shin , Jianguo Wang , Walid G. Aref

Log-structured merge (LSM) trees offer efficient ingestion by appending incoming data, and thus, are widely used as the storage layer of production NoSQL data stores. To enable competitive read performance, LSM-trees periodically…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Subhadeep Sarkar , Dimitris Staratzis , Zichen Zhu , Manos Athanassoulis

Log-Structured Merge (LSM) Trees provide a tiered data storage and retrieval paradigm that is attractive for write-optimized data systems. Maintaining an efficient buffer in memory and deferring updates past their initial write-time, the…

Databases · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Aron Szanto

Document database systems store self-describing semi-structured records, such as JSON, "as-is" without requiring the users to pre-define a schema. This provides users with the flexibility to change the structure of incoming records without…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Wail Y. Alkowaileet , Sattam Alsubaiee , Michael J. Carey

In the last decade, document store database systems have gained more traction for storing and querying large volumes of semi-structured data. However, the flexibility of the document stores' data models has limited their ability to store…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Wail Y. Alkowaileet , Michael J. Carey

Modern key-value stores rely heavily on Log-Structured Merge (LSM) trees for write optimization, but this design introduces significant read amplification. Auxiliary structures like Bloom filters help, but impose memory costs that scale…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Nicholas Fidalgo , Puyuan Ye

LSM-tree is a widely adopted data structure in modern key-value store systems that optimizes write performance in write-heavy applications by using append writes to achieve sequential writes. However, the unpredictability of LSM-tree…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yina Lv , Qiao Li , Quanqing Xu , Congming Gao , Chuanhui Yang , Xiaoli Wang , Chun Jason Xue

Indexes facilitate efficient querying when the selection predicate is on an indexed key. As a result, when loading data, if we anticipate future selective (point or range) queries, we typically maintain an index that is gradually populated…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Aneesh Raman , Subhadeep Sarkar , Matthaios Olma , Manos Athanassoulis

LSM-tree has been widely used in cloud computing systems by Google, Facebook, and Amazon, to achieve high performance for write-intensive workloads. However, in LSM-tree, random key-value queries can experience long latency and low…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-06-08 Lei Guo , Dejun Teng , Rubao Lee , Feng Chen , Siyuan Ma , Xiaodong Zhang

The growing volume of graph data may exhaust the main memory. It is crucial to design a disk-based graph storage system to ingest updates and analyze graphs efficiently. However, existing dynamic graph storage systems suffer from read or…

In this paper, we introduce DobLIX, a dual-objective learned index specifically designed for Log-Structured Merge(LSM) tree-based key-value stores. Although traditional learned indexes focus exclusively on optimizing index lookups, they…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Alireza Heidari , Amirhossein Ahmadi , Wei Zhang

LSM-tree-based data stores are widely adopted in industries for their excellent performance. As data scales increase, disk-based join operations become indispensable yet costly for the database, making the selection of suitable join methods…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Weiping Yu , Fan Wang , Xuwei Zhang , Siqiang Luo

The Log Structured Merge Trees (LSM-tree) based key-value stores are widely used in many storage systems to support a variety of operations such as updates, point reads, and range reads. Traditionally, LSM-tree's merge policy organizes data…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Fuheng Zhao , Zach Miller , Leron Reznikov , Divyakant Agrawal , Amr El Abbadi

We present LearnedKV, a novel tiered key-value store that seamlessly integrates a Log-Structured Merge (LSM) tree with a Learned Index to achieve superior read and write performance on storage systems. While existing approaches use learned…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Wenlong Wang , David Hung-Chang Du

LSM-tree-based data stores are widely used in industry due to their exceptional performance. However, as data volumes grow, efficiently querying large-scale databases becomes increasingly challenging. To address this, recent studies…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Junfeng Liu , Jiarui Ye , Mengshi Chen , Meng Li , Siqiang Luo

Modern key-value storage engines built on Log-Structured Merge-trees (LSM-trees), such as RocksDB and LevelDB, rely heavily on the performance of their compaction operations, which are impacted by a complex set of interdependent…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jiabiao Ding , Yina Lv , Qiao Li , Zhirong Shen , Chun Jason Xue
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