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A graph with n vertices is 1-planar if it can be drawn in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once, and is optimal if it has the maximum of 4n-8 edges. We show that optimal 1-planar graphs can be recognized in linear time. Our…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-01-25 Franz J. Brandenburg

Consider the following problem: Given a planar graph $G$, what is the maximum number $p$ such that $G$ has a planar straight-line drawing with $p$ collinear vertices? This problem resides at the core of several graph drawing problems,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-09-01 Giordano Da Lozzo , Vida Dujmovic , Fabrizio Frati , Tamara Mchedlidze , Vincenzo Roselli

Topological drawings are representations of graphs in the plane, where vertices are represented by points, and edges by simple curves connecting the points. A drawing is simple if two edges intersect at most in a single point, either at a…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Alfredo García , Alexander Pilz , Javier Tejel

Given two planar graphs that are defined on the same set of vertices, a RAC simultaneous drawing is one in which each graph is drawn planar, there are no edge overlaps and the crossings between the two graphs form right angles. The…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-11-23 Michael A. Bekos , Thomas C. van Dijk , Philipp Kindermann , Alexander Wolff

A graph is called a $k$-planar unit distance graph if it can be drawn in the plane such that every edge is a unit line segment and is involved in at most $k$ crossings. We investigate $u_k(n)$, the maximum number of edges of such graphs on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Panna Gehér , Dömötör Pálvölgyi , Dániel G. Simon , Géza Tóth

A graph $G=(V,E)$ is called 1-planar if it admits a drawing in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once. In this paper, we study bipartite $1$-planar graphs with prescribed numbers of vertices in partite sets. Bipartite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-05 Július Czap , Jakub Przybyło , Erika Škrabuľáková

A graph is NIC-planar if it admits a drawing in the plane with at most one crossing per edge and such that two pairs of crossing edges share at most one common end vertex. NIC-planarity generalizes IC-planarity, which allows a vertex to be…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-11-06 Christian Bachmaier , Franz J. Brandenburg , Kathrin Hanauer , Daniel Neuwirth , Josef Reislhuber

In 1979, Nishizeki and Baybars showed that every planar graph with minimum degree 3 has a matching of size $\frac{n}{3}+c$ (where the constant $c$ depends on the connectivity), and even better bounds hold for planar graphs with minimum…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Therese Biedl , John Wittnebel

In this paper, we consider rational cuspidal plane curves having at least three cusps. We give an upper bound of the self-intersection number of the proper transforms of such curves via the minimal embedded resolution of the cusps. For a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-08-04 Keita Tono

We show that a matchstick graph with $n$ vertices has no more than $3n-c\sqrt{n-1/4}$ edges, where $c=\frac12(\sqrt{12} + \sqrt{2\pi\sqrt{3}})$. The main tools in the proof are the Euler formula, the isoperimetric inequality, and an upper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-18 Jérémy Lavollée , Konrad J. Swanepoel

Every planar graph has a 4-page book embedding and this bound is tight. We show that every 1-planar graph, which is a graph that admits a drawing with at most one crossing per edge, has a 10-page book embedding. In addition, four pages are…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Franz J. Brandenburg

A k-bend right-angle-crossing drawing or (k-bend RAC drawing}, for short) of a graph is a polyline drawing where each edge has at most k bends and the angles formed at the crossing points of the edges are 90 degrees. Accordingly, a graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Patrizio Angelini , Michael A. Bekos , Henry Förster , Michael Kaufmann

Every three-connected planar graph with n vertices has a drawing on an O(n^2) x O(n^2) grid in which all faces are strictly convex polygons. These drawings are obtained by perturbing (not strictly) convex drawings on O(n) x O(n) grids. More…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Imre Barany , Guenter Rote

A graph drawn in the plane with n vertices is k-fan-crossing free for k > 1 if there are no k+1 edges $g,e_1,...e_k$, such that $e_1,e_2,...e_k$ have a common endpoint and $g$ crosses all $e_i$. We prove a tight bound of 4n-8 on the maximum…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-11-11 Otfried Cheong , Sariel Har-Peled , Heuna Kim , Hyo-Sil Kim

An outer-1-planar graph is a graph admitting a drawing in the plane so that all vertices appear in the outer region of the drawing and every edge crosses at most one other edge. This paper establishes the local structure of outer-1-planar…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Yan Li , Xin Zhang

A planar orthogonal drawing of a planar 4-graph G (i.e., a planar graph with vertex-degree at most four) is a crossing-free drawing that maps each vertex of G to a distinct point of the plane and each edge of $G$ to a sequence of horizontal…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Walter Didimo , Michael Kaufmann , Giuseppe Liotta , Giacomo Ortali

We give a sharp bound for the automorphism group of a cubic simple graph with a given number of vertices. For each number of vertices we give an explicit graph attaining the bound, and prove its uniqueness in special cases.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael A. van Opstall , Razvan Veliche

We consider upward-planar layered drawings of directed graphs, i.e., crossing-free drawings in which each edge is drawn as a y-monotone curve going upward from its tail to its head, and the y-coordinates of the vertices are integers. The…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Patrizio Angelini , Sabine Cornelsen , Giordano Da Lozzo , Fabrizio Frati , Philipp Kindermann , Ignaz Rutter , Johannes Zink

A graph is $1$-planar if it has a drawing in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once by another edge. Moreover, if this drawing has the additional property that for each crossing of two edges the end vertices of these edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-27 Igor Fabrici , Jochen Harant , Tomáš Madaras , Samuel Mohr , Roman Soták , Carol T. Zamfirescu

In a book embedding of a graph G, the vertices of G are placed in order along a straight-line called spine of the book, and the edges of G are drawn on a set of half-planes, called the pages of the book, such that two edges drawn on a page…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-10-21 Md. Jawaherul Alam , Franz J. Brandenburg , Stephen G. Kobourov