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How do networks of relationships evolve over time? We analyse a dataset tracking the social interactions of 900 individuals over four years. Despite continuous shifts in individual relationships, the macroscopic structural properties of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-06-04 Miguel A. González-Casado , Andreia Sofia Teixeira , Angel Sánchez

This paper models the US-China trade conflict and attempts to analyze the (optimal) strategic choices. In contrast to the existing literature on the topic, we employ the expected utility theory and examine the conflict mathematically. In…

General Economics · Economics 2020-10-26 Yuhan Zhang , Cheng Chang

The possibility of latency arbitrage in financial markets has led to the deployment of high-speed communication links between distant financial centers. These links are noisy and so there is a need for coding. In this paper, we develop a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-28 Mina Karzand , Lav R. Varshney

In social networks, the balance theory has been studied by considering either the triple interactions between the links (structural balance) or the triple interaction of nodes and links (coevolutionary balance). In the structural balance…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-10-31 M. Ghanbarzadeh Noudehi , A. Kargaran , N. Azimi-Tafreshi , G. R. Jafari

We discuss the Heider model in the presence of an external social field. This field was introduced to break the symmetry between the probabilities of hostile and friendly relationships. We consider the system in the presence of fluctuations…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-05 Zdzisław Burda , Maciej Wołoszyn , Krzysztof Malarz , Krzysztof Kułakowski

We show that a large effective number of commodities can be a source of equilibrium stability and uniqueness: expanding substitution opportunities strengthens aggregate substitution effects. We study finite dated-commodity exchange…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-05 Xinyang Wang

Many applications of RCTs involve the presence of multiple treatment administrators -- from field experiments to online advertising -- that compete for the subjects' attention. In the face of competition, estimating a causal effect becomes…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Ana-Andreea Stoica , Vivian Y. Nastl , Moritz Hardt

There are only a very few known relations in statistical dynamics that are valid for systems driven arbitrarily far-from-equilibrium. One of these is the fluctuation theorem, which places conditions on the entropy production probability…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-09-25 Gavin E. Crooks

We exploit the symmetry concepts developed in the companion review of this article to introduce a stochastic version of link reversal symmetry, which leads to an improved understanding of the reciprocity of directed networks. We apply our…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2010-11-04 Franco Ruzzenenti , Diego Garlaschelli , Riccardo Basosi

The paper analyses trade between the most developed economies of the world. The analysis is based on the previously proposed model of international trade. This model of international trade is based on the theory of general economic…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-24 N. S. Gonchar , O. P. Dovzhyk , A. S. Zhokhin , W. H. Kozyrski , A. P. Makhort

This paper studies $n$-person simultaneous-move games with linear best response function, where individuals interact within a given network structure. This class of games have been used to model various settings, such as, public goods,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-06-14 Victor M. Preciado , Jaelynn Oh , Ali Jadbabaie

We provide a Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing and a Superhedging Theorem for a model independent discrete time financial market with proportional transaction costs. We consider a probability-free version of the Robust No Arbitrage…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-08-26 Matteo Burzoni

We present a constructive proof of the existence of an equilibrium in a competitive economy with sequentially locally non-constant excess demand functions. And we will show that the existence of such an equilibrium implies Sperner's lemma.…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-09-13 Yasuhito Tanaka

We present a model describing the competition between information transmission and decision making in financial markets. The solution of this simple model is recalled, and possible variations discussed. It is shown numerically that despite…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2009-10-31 R. D'Hulst , G. J. Rodgers

This paper investigates applicability of thermodynamic concepts and principles to competitive systems. We show that Tsallis entropies are suitable for characterisation of systems with transitive competition when mutations deviate from Gibbs…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2014-03-10 A. Y. Klimenko

We propose a static equilibrium model for limit order book where profit-maximizing investors receive an information signal regarding the liquidation value of the asset and execute via a competitive dealer with random initial inventory, who…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2020-03-11 Umut Çetin , Henri Waelbroeck

A new kinetic theory Boltzmann-like collision term including correlations is proposed. In equilibrium it yields the one-particle distribution function in the form of a generalised-Lorentzian resembling but not being identical with the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 R. A. Treumann

We study the distribution of traffic in networks whose users try to minimise their delays by adhering to a simple learning scheme inspired by the replicator dynamics of evolutionary game theory. The stable steady states of these dynamics…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-02-27 Panayotis Mertikopoulos , Aris L. Moustakas

The structure bilateral trading costs is one of the key features of international trade. Drawing upon the freeness-of-trade matrix, which allows the modeling of N-state trade costs, we develop a ``geometry of inconvenience'' to better…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-04-11 Michael Coopman , Austin Jacobs , Henry Pascoe , J. E. Pascoe

A great deal of academic and theoretical work has been dedicated to optimal liquidation of large orders these last twenty years. The optimal split of an order through time (`optimal trade scheduling') and space (`smart order routing') is of…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2013-02-20 Charles-Albert Lehalle