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Although artificial intelligence is currently one of the most interesting areas in scientific research, the potential threats posed by emerging AI systems remain a source of persistent controversy. To address the issue of AI threat, this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-05 Feng Liu , Yong Shi , Ying Liu

This paper proposes that Artificial Intelligence (AI) progresses through several overlapping generations: AI 1.0 (Information AI), AI 2.0 (Agentic AI), AI 3.0 (Physical AI), and now a speculative AI 4.0 (Conscious AI). Each of these AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jiahao Wu , Hengxu You , Jing Du

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into social science research practices raises significant technological, methodological, and ethical issues. We present a community-centric study drawing on 284 survey responses and 15…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Tatiana Chakravorti , Xinyu Wang , Pranav Narayanan Venkit , Sai Koneru , Kevin Munger , Sarah Rajtmajer

The history of AI has included several "waves" of ideas. The first wave, from the mid-1950s to the 1980s, focused on logic and symbolic hand-encoded representations of knowledge, the foundations of so-called "expert systems". The second…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Odest Chadwicke Jenkins , Daniel Lopresti , Melanie Mitchell

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most transformative technologies of the 21st century. The extent and scope of future AI capabilities remain a key uncertainty, with widespread disagreement on timelines and potential impacts. As…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Kyle A. Kilian , Christopher J. Ventura , Mark M. Bailey

Over the past two decades, exponential growth in data availability, computational power, and newly available modeling techniques has led to an expansion in interest, investment, and research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications.…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies could be broadly categorised into Analytics and Autonomy. Analytics focuses on algorithms offering perception, comprehension, and projection of knowledge gleaned from sensorial data. Autonomy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Hussein Abbass , John Harvey , Kate Yaxley

Artificial intelligence (AI) research is routinely criticized for its real and potential impacts on society, and we lack adequate institutional responses to this criticism and to the responsibility that it reflects. AI research often falls…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Michael S. Bernstein , Margaret Levi , David Magnus , Betsy Rajala , Debra Satz , Charla Waeiss

Artificial intelligence (AI) has a huge impact on our personal lives and also on our democratic society as a whole. While AI offers vast opportunities for the benefit of people, its potential to embed and perpetuate bias and discrimination…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius

A core part of human intelligence is the ability to work flexibly with others to achieve goals. The incorporation of artificial agents into human spaces is making increasing demands on artificial intelligence (AI) to demonstrate and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-30 William J. Bingley , S. Alexander Haslam , Janet Wiles

Companies report on their financial performance for decades. More recently they have also started to report on their environmental impact and their social responsibility. The latest trend is now to deliver one single integrated report where…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Benoît Otjacques

A large survey of American adults explored the complex landscape of attitudes towards artificial intelligence (AI). It explored the degree of concern regarding specific potential outcomes of the new advances in AI technology and correlates…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Risa Palm , Justin Kingsland , Toby Bolsen

The networking field has recently started to incorporate artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), big data analytics combined with advances in networking (such as software-defined networks, network functions virtualization, and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Touseef Yaqoob , Muhammad Usama , Junaid Qadir , Gareth Tyson

Analyses of text corpora over time can reveal trends in beliefs, interest, and sentiment about a topic. We focus on views expressed about artificial intelligence (AI) in the New York Times over a 30-year period. General interest, awareness,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-05 Ethan Fast , Eric Horvitz

Drawing on our experience of more than a decade of AI in academic research, technology development, industry engagement, postgraduate teaching, doctoral supervision and organisational consultancy, we present the 'CDAC AI Life Cycle', a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Daswin De Silva , Damminda Alahakoon

Artificial Intelligence represents many things: a new market to conquer or a quality label for tech companies, a threat for traditional industries, a menace for democracy, or a blessing for our busy everyday life. The press abounds in…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Gaudron Arthur

In this report, we review the current state of methodologies to forecast the arrival of artificial general intelligence, assess their reliability, and analyze the implications for strategy and policy. We synthesize diverse forecasting…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Gopal P. Sarma , Sunny D. Bhatt , Michael Jacob , Rachel Steratore

In Fall 2023, we introduced a new AI Literacy class called The Essentials of AI for Life and Society (CS 109), a one-credit, seminar course consisting mainly of guest lectures, which was open to the entire university, including students,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Zifan Xu , Kristen Procko , Michael Munje , Kristin Patterson , Lea Sabatini , Joydeep Biswas , Peter Stone

Research in artificial intelligence (AI) for social good presupposes some definition of social good, but potential definitions have been seldom suggested and never agreed upon. The normative question of what AI for social good research…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Elizabeth Bondi , Lily Xu , Diana Acosta-Navas , Jackson A. Killian

Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have emerged in the educational domain as a tool to make learning more efficient. Different applications for mastering particular skills, learning new languages, and tracking their progress are used…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Arian Garshi , Malin Wist Jakobsen , Jørgen Nyborg-Christensen , Daniel Ostnes , Maria Ovchinnikova