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In the recent years, Portable Document Format, commonly known as PDF, has become a democratized standard for document exchange and dissemination. This trend has been due to its characteristics such as its flexibility and portability across…

Over the last decade, malicious software (or malware, for short) has shown an increasing sophistication and proliferation, fueled by a flourishing underground economy, in response to the increasing complexity of modern defense mechanisms.…

Machine learning (ML)-based malware detection systems are becoming increasingly important as malware threats increase and get more sophisticated. PDF files are often used as vectors for phishing attacks because they are widely regarded as…

Malware still constitutes a major threat in the cybersecurity landscape, also due to the widespread use of infection vectors such as documents. These infection vectors hide embedded malicious code to the victim users, facilitating the use…

Malicious PDF files represent one of the biggest threats to computer security. To detect them, significant research has been done using handwritten signatures or machine learning based on manual feature extraction. Those approaches are both…

Malicious PDF documents present a serious threat to various security organizations that require modern threat intelligence platforms to effectively analyze and characterize the identity and behavior of PDF malware. State-of-the-art…

The continued evolution and diversity of malware constitutes a major threat in modern systems. It is well proven that security defenses currently available are ineffective to mitigate the skills and imagination of cyber-criminals…

Malware scanners try to protect users from opening malicious documents by statically or dynamically analyzing documents. However, malware developers may apply evasions that conceal the maliciousness of a document. Given the variety of…

Malicious PDF files have emerged as a persistent threat and become a popular attack vector in web-based attacks. While machine learning-based PDF malware classifiers have shown promise, these classifiers are often susceptible to adversarial…

The popularity of the PDF format and the rich JavaScript environment that PDF viewers offer make PDF documents an attractive attack vector for malware developers. PDF documents present a serious threat to the security of organizations…

Digital systems find it challenging to keep up with cybersecurity threats. The daily emergence of more than 560,000 new malware strains poses significant hazards to the digital ecosystem. The traditional malware detection methods fail to…

Malware is one of the most common and severe cyber-attack today. Malware infects millions of devices and can perform several malicious activities including mining sensitive data, encrypting data, crippling system performance, and many more.…

The rising use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to create and disseminate malware poses a significant cybersecurity challenge due to their ability to generate and distribute attacks with ease. A single prompt can initiate a wide array of…

The problem of malicious software (malware) detection and classification is a complex task, and there is no perfect approach. There is still a lot of work to be done. Unlike most other research areas, standard benchmarks are difficult to…

Malicious software is abundant in a world of innumerable computer users, who are constantly faced with these threats from various sources like the internet, local networks and portable drives. Malware is potentially low to high risk and can…

In the case of malware analysis, categorization of malicious files is an essential part after malware detection. Numerous static and dynamic techniques have been reported so far for categorizing malware. This research presents a deep…

Malicious software is a pernicious global problem. A novel multi-task learning framework is proposed in this paper for malware image classification for accurate and fast malware detection. We generate bitmap (BMP) and (PNG) images from…

Cyber security threats have been growing significantly in both volume and sophistication over the past decade. This poses great challenges to malware detection without considerable automation. In this paper, we have proposed a novel…

The popularity of dynamic malware analysis has grown significantly, as it enables analysts to observe the behavior of executing samples, thereby enhancing malware detection and classification decisions. With the continuous increase in new…

Abstract-Email cyber-attacks based on malicious documents have become the popular techniques in today's sophisticated attacks. In the past, persistent efforts have been made to detect such attacks. But there are still some common defects in…